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Associations between oral health status and short-term functional outcomes in hospitalized patients aged over 65 years with acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective observational study

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Abstract

Objective

To assess the associations between oral health status and short-term functional outcomes in hospitalized patients aged over 65 years with acute ischemic stroke.

Materials and methods

This retrospective observational analysis included older adult patients (age, ≥ 65 years) admitted for acute ischemic stroke. The oral health status at admission was evaluated using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT). Patients were categorized into the normal oral health (OHAT score, 0–2) or poor oral health (OHAT score, ≥ 3) group. Stroke severity, Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), and medical history were compared. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the association between the OHAT score and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge, FOIS score at discharge, and length of hospital stay.

Results

The study comprised 129 patients (mean age: 78.8 ± 7.7 years). The poor oral health group (n = 22) had a higher stroke severity and lower FOIS scores than the normal oral health group (n = 107). The poor oral health group exhibited significantly higher rates of moderate to severe disability at discharge (odds ratio = 9.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.74–48.30, P = 0.009), lower FOIS scores at discharge (β = -0.96, 95% CI: -1.71 to -0.20, P = 0.014), and longer hospital stays (β = 10.70, 95% CI: 0.80–20.61, P = 0.034) than the other group.

Conclusion

In older patients with acute ischemic stroke, poor oral health status at admission was associated with worse short-term functional outcomes, including increased disability, dysphagia, and longer hospital stay.

Clinical relevance

Assessing and addressing the oral health status of this population can potentially improve short-term functional outcomes and enhance comprehensive stroke care.

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Data availability

Due to the nature of this research, participants of this study did not agree for their data to be shared publicly, so supporting data is not available.

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Acknowledgements

The authors did not receive financial support for undertaking this study.

Funding

The authors did not receive financial support for undertaking this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition Management, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan

    Sahoko Takagi

  2. Nutrition Therapy Support Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan

    Keisuke Maeda

  3. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan

    Keisuke Maeda

  4. Department of Food and Health Science, Faculty of Health and Human Development, The University of Nagano, Nagano, Japan

    Akio Shimizu

  5. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Hospital Organization Toyohashi Medical Center, Toyohashi, Japan

    Hidemichi Yuasa

  6. Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Toyohashi Medical Center, Toyohashi, Japan

    Keita Yamauchi

  7. Department of Neurosurgery, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan

    Hideki Sakai

Authors
  1. Sahoko Takagi
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  2. Keisuke Maeda
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  3. Akio Shimizu
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  4. Hidemichi Yuasa
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  5. Keita Yamauchi
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  6. Hideki Sakai
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data collection and analysis were performed by Sahoko Takagi, Keisuke Maeda, and Akio Shimizu. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Sahoko Takagi and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Keisuke Maeda.

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Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Hospital Organization Toyohashi Medical Center (No. 2–24).

Consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Takagi, S., Maeda, K., Shimizu, A. et al. Associations between oral health status and short-term functional outcomes in hospitalized patients aged over 65 years with acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective observational study. Clin Oral Invest 27, 7635–7642 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05352-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05352-0

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