Abstract
Objectives
This study was aimed at resolving the controversy over the wearing time of mandibular advancement (MA) appliances by comparing the differences between part-time and full-time MA (PTMA and FTMA) from the perspective of promoting H-type vessel coupling osteogenesis in the condylar heads.
Materials and methods
Thirty 30-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control (Ctrl), PTMA, and FTMA groups. The mandibular condyles were analyzed by morphology, micro-computed tomography, histological staining, and immunofluorescence staining to investigate the changes of the condylar heads in the PTMA and FTMA groups after 31 days.
Results
Both PTMA and FTMA models promoted condylar growth and achieved stable mandibular advancement at day 31. However, compared with PTMA, FTMA has the following characteristics. First, new bone formation in the condylar head was detected in the retrocentral region in addition to the posterior region. Second, the condylar proliferative layer was thicker, and the number of pyknotic cells in the hypertrophic and erosive layers was higher. Moreover, endochondral osteogenesis of the condylar head was more active. Finally, the retrocentral and posterior regions of the condylar head had more vascular loops or arcuate H-type vessel coupling Osterix+ osteoprogenitors.
Conclusions
While both PTMA and FTMA induced new bone formation in the condylar heads of middle-aged mice, FTMA promoted more osteogenesis by volume and region. Furthermore, FTMA presented more H-type vessel coupling Osterix+ osteoprogenitors in both the retrocentral and posterior regions of the condylar head.
Clinical relevance
FTMA is better at promoting condylar osteogenesis, especially in non-growing patients. We suggest that enhancing H-type angiogenesis could be an effective strategy to achieve favorable MA outcomes, especially for patients unable to meet the FT-wearing requirement or being non-growing.
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Data availability
The data used to support the findings of this study are included within the article.
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Funding
This work was supported by Scientific Research Talent Cultivation Project of Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University (Grant Number RC202106 and RC202107), and Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund (Grant Number 2021A1515110163).
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Both authors contributed to the conception, design, data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yun Hu. Reviewing and editing were performed by Hegang Li. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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All animal experiments in this study have been approved by the Animal Ethical and Welfare Committee of Guangzhou Forevergen Medical Laboratory Animal Center (Approval No. IACUC-AEWC-F2112009).
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Hu, Y., Li, H. Comparison of part-time and full-time mandibular advancement: enlightenment based on type H vessel coupling osteogenesis. Clin Oral Invest 27, 3695–3703 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-04985-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-04985-5