Abstract
Objective
Considering the chemical and structural properties of dentin, this study was aimed at evaluating the effect of dentin matrix alone or combined with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) on postextraction alveolar bone regeneration.
Material and methods
Wistar rats were subjected to tooth extraction with osteotomy and allocated into groups according to the graft inserted: (1) Gelita-Spon®, (2) Bio-Oss®, (3) Dentin, (4) MSC, (5) Dentin/MSC, and (6) Control. Maxillae were analyzed by means of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Serum levels of calcium and phosphorus were quantified.
Results
The Bio-Oss group showed less bone than Gelita-Spon and Dentin/MSC; no other significant differences were seen in H&E analysis. The Bio-Oss group showed higher expression of collagen type I compared to the Dentin and Dentin/MSC groups and also higher osteocalcin expression than the Dentin/MSC group. There was a tendency of higher expression of osteopontin in the MSC, Dentin, and Dentin/MSC groups and higher VEGF in the MSC group. On micro-CT analysis, the Bio-Oss and the Dentin/MSC groups exhibited greater bone volume than the Control. Serum calcium and phosphorus levels did not significantly differ between the groups. SEM analysis depicted particles of Bio-Oss and dentin in the respective groups, as well as significant cellularity in the MSC group.
Conclusion
Autogenous nondemineralized dentin is an alternative for alveolar bone grafting, which can be improved by combination with MSC.
Clinical relevance
This work provides support for the clinical applicability of dentin graft alone or combined with MSC.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil, and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil.
Funding
This study was financed in part by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, 425895/2018-1), Brazil, and by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Finance Code 001), Brazil.
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Bernardo Ottoni Braga Barreiro is responsible for conceptualization, investigation, methodology, data curation, writing—original draft, review and editing, and project administration. Valesca Sander Koth performed investigation, methodology, data curation, formal analysis, and writing—review and editing. Patrícia Sesterheim performed investigation and contributed to conceptualization, methodology, and writing—review and editing. Fernanda Gonçalves Salum performed investigation and writing—review and editing. Gabriel Rübensam performed investigation and contributed to conceptualization, methodology, and writing—review and editing. Adolpho Herbert Augustin performed investigation and contributed to conceptualization, methodology, and writing—review and editing. Karen Cherubini performed investigation and contributed to conceptualization, formal analysis, writing—original draft, review and editing, project administration, and funding acquisition.
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This study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Animals Use of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS, protocol #9108). All applicable international, national, and institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.
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Barreiro, B.O.B., Koth, V.S., Sesterheim, P. et al. Autogenous dentin combined with mesenchymal stromal cells as an alternative alveolar bone graft: an in vivo study. Clin Oral Invest 27, 1907–1922 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04840-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04840-z