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Developing a three-dimensional statistical shape model of normal dentition using an automated algorithm and normal samples

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Abstract

Objectives

The statistical shape model (SSM) is a model of geometric properties of a set of shapes based on statistical shape analysis. The SSM develops an average model of several objects using an automated algorithm that excludes the operator’s subjectivity. The aim of this study was to develop a three-dimensional (3D) SSM of normal dentition to provide virtual templates for efficient treatment.

Materials and methods

Dental casts were obtained from participants with normal dentition. After acquiring the 3D models, the SSMs of the individual teeth and whole dental arch were generated by an iterative closest point (ICP)-based rigid registration and point correspondences, respectively. Then, the individual tooth SSM was aligned to the whole dental arch SSM using ICP-based registration to generate an average model of normal dentition.

Results

The generated 3D SSM showed specific morphological features of normal dentition similar to those previously reported. Moreover, on measuring the arch dimensions, all values in this study were similar to those previously reported using normal dentition.

Conclusions

The 3D SSM of normal dentition may increase the diagnostic efficiency of orthodontic treatments by providing a visual objective. It can be also used as a 3D template in various fields of dentistry.

Clinical relevance

Our SSM of normal dentition provides both quantitative and qualitative information on the 3D morphology of teeth and dental arches, which may provide valuable information on 3D virtual-setup, bracket fabrication, and aligner treatment.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Korea Medical Device Development Fund grant funded by the Korea Government, the Ministry of Science and ICT (#202012E09), the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (#202011B05).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehakro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea

    Hwee-Ho Kim & Young-Il Chang

  2. Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, 101 Daehakro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea

    Sieun Choi

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehakro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea

    Won-Jin Yi

  4. Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehakro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea

    Sug-Joon Ahn

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  1. Hwee-Ho Kim
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Contributions

SJA conceived the study; SJA, WJY, and YIC contributed to the design and methodological variables; WHK and SC performed the experiments; WHK, SC, WJY, and SJA interpreted the data; WHK, SC, WJY, and SJA contributed to the writing of the manuscript; WHK, SC, YIC, WJY, and SJA read and edited the manuscript; and all authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sug-Joon Ahn.

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Ethics approval

This retrospective chart review study involving human participants was in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The institutional review board of the University approved the research protocol as mentioned in the manuscript (S-020190008).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Kim, HH., Choi, S., Chang, YI. et al. Developing a three-dimensional statistical shape model of normal dentition using an automated algorithm and normal samples. Clin Oral Invest 27, 759–772 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04824-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04824-z

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