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Effectiveness of ultrasonic activation over glycolic acid on microhardness, cohesive strength, flexural strength, and fracture resistance of the root dentin

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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasonic activation (US) over glycolic acid on microhardness, cohesive strength, flexural strength, and fracture resistance of root dentin, comparing with conventional final irrigation protocols.

Methods

Samples were obtained from 140 extracted bovine teeth and distributed into four test groups: microhardness (50 teeth), cohesive strength (15 teeth), flexural strength (15 teeth), and fracture resistance (60 teeth). In all four tests, specimens were subdivided into five groups, according to final irrigation protocols: G1: distilled water (DW); G2: 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); G3: 17% glycolic acid (GA); G4: 17% EDTA + US; and G5: 17% GA + US. The duration time of each protocol was set in 1 min. After irrigation protocols, the Vickers tester was used to evaluate microhardness and the universal testing machine was used to evaluate the cohesive strength, flexural strength, and fracture resistance of the root dentin. One-way ANOVA test and the Tukey HSD were used for multiple comparison tests in all evaluations (α = 5%).

Results

In general, groups 2 (EDTA), 4 (EDTA + US), and 5 (GA + US) promoted the highest reduction of microhardness, being statistically different from other groups (p < 0.05). Cohesive strength, flexural strength, and fracture resistance data revealed that no differences between groups were observed (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The association of GA and US results in microhardness reduction, with no influence on cohesive strength, flexural strength, and fracture resistance of the root dentin.

Clinical relevance

The use of US over GA has no influence on some mechanical properties of root dentin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Dentistry, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil

    Matheus Albino Souza, Rafaela Ricci, Karolina Frick Bischoff, Eduarda Reuter, Eduarda Rizzon Ferreira, Felipe Gomes Dallepiane, Laura Mezzalira Quevedo, Luiz Henrique Bergoli Pereira, Luiza Frick Bischoff, Mariana Gabriela Hofstetter, Mariana Patussi Brammer, Natália Miranda Bernardes & Juliane Bervian

Authors
  1. Matheus Albino Souza
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  2. Rafaela Ricci
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  4. Eduarda Reuter
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  5. Eduarda Rizzon Ferreira
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  6. Felipe Gomes Dallepiane
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  11. Mariana Patussi Brammer
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  12. Natália Miranda Bernardes
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  13. Juliane Bervian
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Contributions

Matheus Albino Souza: supervising all experimental tests and writing the article

Rafaela Ricci: performing all 4 experimental tests

Karolina Frick Bischoff: performing all 4 experimental tests

Eduarda Reuter, Eduarda Ferreira, Felipe Dallepiane, and Laura Quevedo: performing of microhardness test

Luis Henrique Pereira and Luiza Frick Bischoff: performing of cohesive strength test

Mariana Patussi Brammer and Mariana Hofstetter: performing of flexural strength test

Natalia Bernardes: performing of fracture resistance test

Juliane Bervian: performing of statistical analysis, English revision, and writing the article

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Matheus Albino Souza.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

The study was not submitted to the Ethics Committee for the Use of Animals, due to the fact that samples were composed of extracted bovine teeth that would be discarded. All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

Conflict of Interest

The authors have no conflict of interest.

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Souza, M.A., Ricci, R., Bischoff, K.F. et al. Effectiveness of ultrasonic activation over glycolic acid on microhardness, cohesive strength, flexural strength, and fracture resistance of the root dentin. Clin Oral Invest 27, 1659–1664 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04792-4

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