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Digital evaluation of facial peri-implant mucosal thickness and its impact on dental implant aesthetics

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of the present study was to describe and compare the features of the buccal peri-implant mucosa to natural gingiva in the aesthetic area.

Material and methods

Forty-nine periodontally healthy patients were included in this cross-sectional study. Mucosal and gingival dimensions at the mid-facial aspect were evaluated clinically and radiographically. Color assessments were performed using a reflectance spectrophotometer, and patient aesthetic satisfaction was further checked.

Results

Implant sites revealed significant thicker mucosa when compared to tooth sites both at 1.5 (p < 0.001) and 3 mm (p < 0.001) apical to the mucosal margin. Both conventional and digital methods presented a good reliability. The spectrophotometric data revealed a statistically significant color difference between the peri-implant mucosa and the gingiva. However, there was no further significant relation between these color changes and the mucosal thickness.

Conclusions

Peri-implant mucosa revealed a darkish, greenish, and bluish discoloration when compared to the gingiva. More satisfactory patient´s aesthetic evaluation was reported in sites with thicker and comparatively lighter mucosa when compared to the adjacent dentition.

Clinical relevance

This article focuses on variables affecting color stability and aesthetics around dental implants. These can be assessed to identify the need for peri-implant phenotypic modification.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, C/ Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 - Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

    Amr Khorshed, Javi Vilarrasa, Alberto Monje, Jose Nart & Gonzalo Blasi

  2. School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

    Amr Khorshed

  3. Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA

    Alberto Monje

  4. Division of Periodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Gonzalo Blasi

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  1. Amr Khorshed
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  2. Javi Vilarrasa
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  3. Alberto Monje
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  4. Jose Nart
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  5. Gonzalo Blasi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jose Nart.

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The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the International University of Catalunya (Barcelona, Spain) (PER-ECL-2018–07).

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Before entering the study, each patient signed a written informed consent.

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Khorshed, A., Vilarrasa, J., Monje, A. et al. Digital evaluation of facial peri-implant mucosal thickness and its impact on dental implant aesthetics. Clin Oral Invest 27, 581–590 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04753-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04753-x

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