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Alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide for the formulation of antibacterial orthodontic resins

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Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed at formulating antibacterial orthodontic resins containing alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ATAB) and evaluating their physicochemical and biological properties.

Materials and Methods

The chemical composition and microstructure of ATAB was characterized through FTIR and SEM, respectively. Experimental orthodontic BisGMA/TEGDMA-based resins were formulated, and the ATAB filler was incorporated at 1wt%, 5wt%, and 10wt%, along with colloidal silica (5wt%). The degree of conversion, softening in solvent, and flexural strength of the experimental resins were analyzed. Biological properties were also assessed through cytotoxicity and antibacterial analyses.

Results

The incorporation of ATAB, due to the presence of ⎯N+(CH3)3 alkyl groups, had no adverse effect on the degree of conversion of the resins (p > 0.05). The %ΔKHN values at 5wt% and 10wt% were comparable to those of the control group, while the flexural strength was reduced at all concentrations of ATAB. The viability of the gingival fibroblast was reduced with the addition of ATAB (p < 0.05). The viability of biofilm and planktonic bacteria was reduced when ATAB was incorporated at 5wt% and 10wt%.

Conclusions

The addition of ATAB at 5wt% resulted suitable for the formulation of orthodontic resins with the ability to control the biofilm formation and planktonic activity of S.mutans, without jeopardizing some specific physicochemical properties.

Clinical Relevance

White spot lesions in orthodontic patients may be controlled by preventive treatments. Non-patient-dependent strategies, such as the use of orthodontic resins containing ATAB, may avoid accumulation of bacteria, especially in those areas surrounding orthodontic appliances.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank CAPES “Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil—Finance Code 001" (PI: F.C.). This research project was also supported by the grant “Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades” (PID2020-120346GB-I00) (PI: SS).

Funding

This research project was also supported by the grant “Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades” (PID2020-120346 GB-I00) (PI: SS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Gabriela de Souza Balbinot, Nicóly Marcon & Fabrício Mezzomo Collares

  2. Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Sciences and Health, Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, University of CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain

    Salvatore Sauro

  3. Orthodontic - Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Sciences and Health, University of CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain

    Santiago Arias Luxan

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  1. Gabriela de Souza Balbinot
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  2. Nicóly Marcon
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Contributions

Gabriela de Souza Balbinot performed investigation, formal analysis, data curation, writing—original draft, and project administration. Nicóly Marcon performed formal analysis and data curation. Salvatore Sauro contributed to conceptualization, methodology, and writing—review and editing. Santiago Arias Luxan performed writing—review and editing. Fabricio Mezzomo Collares contributed to conceptualization, methodology, writing—review and editing, and funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Fabrício Mezzomo Collares.

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Ethics approval from CEP- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (#03,294,318.0.0000.5347).

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A written informed consent was obtained from a patient that donated tissue for cell culture studies.

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Balbinot, G.d., Marcon, N., Sauro, S. et al. Alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide for the formulation of antibacterial orthodontic resins. Clin Oral Invest 26, 7011–7019 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04661-0

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