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Effects of protease inhibitors on dentin erosion: an in situ study

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Abstract

Objective

This in situ study aimed to evaluate the effects of the inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cysteine cathepsins on dentin erosion.

Materials and methods

Ten volunteers participated in this study. Each volunteer wore an intraoral appliance containing 4 dentin specimens subjected to different treatments: deionized water as a control, 1 mM 1,10-phenanthroline (an MMP inhibitor), 50 µM E-64 (a cysteine cathepsin inhibitor), and 1 mM 1,10-phenanthroline + 50 µM E-64. The specimens were dipped in 5 ml of the respective solutions for 30 min at room temperature and then exposed to in vivo erosive challenges by rinsing with 150 ml of a cola drink (4 × 5 min/day) for 7 days. The substance loss of the specimens was measured by profilometry. The transverse sections of the specimens were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Thereafter, the demineralized organic matrix (DOM) of the specimens was removed using type I collagen enzyme and assessed by performing profilometry. The differences in substance loss and DOM thickness among the groups were analyzed by one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni’s test at a level of P < 0.05.

Results

Protease inhibitors significantly reduced substance loss in comparison to that of the control group (all P < 0.05). A significantly thicker DOM was observed for the specimens treated with protease inhibitors than for the control specimens (all P < 0.05). No significant differences in substance loss or DOM thickness were found among the MMP inhibitor, cysteine cathepsin inhibitor, and MMP + cysteine cathepsin inhibitor groups.

Conclusions

The use of MMP and cysteine cathepsin inhibitors was shown to increase the acid resistance of human dentin, which may be due to the preservation of the DOM.

Clinical relevance

The application of protease inhibitors could be considered an appropriate preventive strategy for dentin erosion.

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Funding

This work was partially supported by the Joint Fund for Scientific and Technological Innovation of Fujian Province (2019Y9030).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Hui Yang and Xiu-jiao Lin contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

    Hui Yang, Xiu-jiao Lin & Hao Yu

  2. Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

    Hui Yang, Xiu-jiao Lin & Hao Yu

  3. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

    Qiong Liu

  4. Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

    Hao Yu

  5. Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Yangqiao Zhong Road 246, Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Hao Yu

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  1. Hui Yang
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Contributions

Hui Yang and Xiu-jiao Lin wrote the original draft and performed the data curation. Qiong Liu did the formal analysis and performed the investigation. Hao Yu did the conceptualization, supervision, and review and editing of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hao Yu.

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Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval

All procedures performed in the present study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethical approval for the study was granted by the Ethics Committee of School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian University (Approval no. 18-FMUSS-21).

Consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the present study. They were informed verbally and in writing of the advantages and disadvantages of participating in the study.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Yang, H., Lin, Xj., Liu, Q. et al. Effects of protease inhibitors on dentin erosion: an in situ study. Clin Oral Invest 27, 1005–1012 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04657-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04657-w

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