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Association between components of metabolic syndrome and periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the role of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components in the association with periodontitis (PE) (#CRD42020218310).

Materials and methods

A systematic electronic search was performed in PUBMED, Scielo and Lilacs databases up to April 2022. Cross-sectional, case–control, and cohort studies presenting data on the association between MetS and PE in the adult and elderly populations were included. A random effect meta-analysis was performed to determine association effect estimates. Results interpretation followed the assessment of methodological quality (Joana Briggs Institute tool) together with the certainty of evidence (GRADE approach).

Results

This review included 52 studies, totalling 140,434 participants, and 38 studies were meta-analyzed. Association between PE and MetS was observed (ORadj from 1.27 to 1.90; PRajd = 1.19; RRadj from 1.10 to 1.37) (low and very low certainty of evidence). Hyperglycaemia (OR = 1.18), HDL (OR = 1.16), obesity (OR = 1.08), and hypertension (OR = 1.11) were associated with PE, except triglycerides (low and very low certainty of evidence). There was a dose–response gradient between the number of MetS components and PE, with a gradual increase in the effect magnitude for 1 (OR = 1.14), 2 (OR = 1.52), 3 or more (OR = 1.79), and 4 or 5 components (OR = 2.02) (low to high certainty of evidence).

Conclusions

MetS was associated with PE, with a dose–response gradient between the number of MetS components and the occurrence of PE, with an increasing effect magnitude according to an increasing number of components.

Clinical relevance

Periodontal examination should be part of a comprehensive propaedeutic approach of MetS patients, particularly those presenting a great number of components.

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Funding

This study was supported by grants from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico – CNPq, Brazil (Productivity Research Grant # 302251/2019–7) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES, Brazil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue 6627, Pampulha. PO Box 359, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil

    Julya Ribeiro Campos, Sandro Felipe Santos Faria, Ana Paula Carvalho, Alexandre Godinho Pereira, Fernando Oliveira Costa & Luís Otávio Miranda Cota

  2. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Carolina Castro Martins

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  1. Julya Ribeiro Campos
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Contributions

All authors have made substantial contributions to conception and design of the study. LOMC and FOC were involved in study conceptualization. JRC, LOMC, SFSF, APCCF, and APG were involved in data collection. CCM were involved in data analysis. LOMC, JRC, and CCM were involved in data interpretation and writing original draft. LOMC, FOC, and CCM were involved in manuscript revision and editing. LOMC and CCM were involved in project administration and supervision.

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Correspondence to Luís Otávio Miranda Cota.

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Campos, J.R., Martins, C.C., Faria, S.F.S. et al. Association between components of metabolic syndrome and periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Invest 26, 5557–5574 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04583-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04583-x

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