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Heritability of maxillary dental cephalometric variables among monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins and their siblings

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Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate the heritability of dental cephalometric variables by analyzing vertical linear measurements and angular measurements of the upper incisor, canine, and first molar.

Materials and methods

Among the 553 Korean patients who participated in twin studies conducted at Samsung Medical Center, 150 patients had their lateral cephalometric radiograph data included in this study. The group was comprised of 36 monozygotic (MZ) twins (males, 16 pairs; females, 20 pairs), 13 dizygotic (DZ) twins (males, 7 pairs; females, 6 pairs), and 26 same-sex sibling pairs (males, 11 pairs; females, 15 pairs). All patients were over 20 years old with a mean age of 39.75 years. Lateral cephalometric diagrams and linear measurements (6 vertical factors, 6 horizontal factors) were taken. Three axial planes were measured for each tooth; intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were obtained for each group and heritability was calculated using Falconer’s method.

Results

ICCs of vertical linear measurements (average 0.837, P < 0.01) and the tooth axis of the central incisor and canine (average 0.679, P < 0.001) were higher in the MZ group compared to the DZ and sibling groups; thus, these variables showed high heritability.

Conclusions

Orthodontic treatment aiming to alter the tooth axis of the maxillary central incisor or canine or other vertical factors with greater heritability can be difficult, requiring strategic treatment planning to achieve desired treatment outcome and stability.

Clinical relevance

The active early treatment to gain tooth eruption space can lead to normal tooth position.

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Data availability

The data supporting the study can be obtained directly from the authors.

This study was approved by the ins.titutional review board (IRB) of the Ajou University Hospital (IRB No.: AJIRB-MED-MDB-18–295). Subjects read and signed their informed consents.

Abbreviations

MZ:

Monozygotic twins

DZ:

Dizygotic (DZ) twins

ICCs:

Intraclass correlation coefficients

MMB:

Maxillo-mandibular bisector

PTV:

Pterygoid vertical

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Author information

Author notes

  1. Geon Woo Kang and Young Ho Kim contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea

    Geon Woo Kang, Young Ho Kim, Sunghae Woo, Jeong Won Shin & Hwa Sung Chae

  2. Division of Orthodontics, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Christine Hong

  3. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

    Joohon Sung

  4. Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

    Yun-Mi Song

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  1. Geon Woo Kang
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Contributions

With the submission of this manuscript, the authors would like to undertake that.

• All authors of this research paper have directly participated in the planning, execution, or analysis of this study.

• All authors of this paper have read and approved the final version submitted.

• The contents of this manuscript have not been copyrighted or published previously.

• The contents of this manuscript are not now under consideration for publication elsewhere.

• The contents of this manuscript will not be copyrighted, submitted, or published elsewhere, while acceptance by the Journal is under consideration.

• The research is original. There are no directly related manuscripts published or unpublished by any authors of this paper.

The individual roles of each author were as follows:

• Kang Geon Woo: collection of data, analysis of data, interpretation of data, construction of manuscript

• Young Ho Kim: review of literature, collection of data, analysis of data, interpretation of data, construction of manuscript

• Christine Hong: conception and design of the article, construction of manuscript

• Sunghae Woo: fabricating figures and tables.

• Joohon Sung: conception and design of the article

• Yun-Mi Song: conception and design of the article

• Jeong Won Shin: conception and design of the article

• Hwa Sung Chae: conception and design of the article, analysis of data, interpretation of data, construction of manuscript

• All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hwa Sung Chae.

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Ethics approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Kang, G.W., Kim, Y.H., Hong, C. et al. Heritability of maxillary dental cephalometric variables among monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins and their siblings. Clin Oral Invest 26, 6275–6281 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04579-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04579-7

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