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Influence of acidic pH on antimicrobial activity of different calcium silicate based–endodontic sealers

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Abstract

Objective

To investigate the antibacterial activity of calcium silicate–based sealers (CSBSs) against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in a neutral or acidic condition.

Materials and methods

Dentin cylinders (4 mm length) were prepared and infected with 3-week-old E. faecalis. The samples were filled with BioRoot RCS (BR), EndoSequence BC (ES), and NeoMTA Plus (NMTA) and incubated in either neutral or acidic conditions for 7 days (n=10/group). Sterile or infected samples alone were used as the positive and negative control. The root canal sealers were removed after 7 days, and the remaining bacteria on dentinal walls were determined by colony-forming units (CFUs/ml), and three samples from each group were visualized under a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The pH was also measured (n=3/group) after 4 h and 7 days of incubation at 37°C in both conditions.

Results

In the neutral condition, all sealers significantly decreased the log-CFU values (p<0.05), while in the acidic condition, the log-CFU reduction was less for ES and NMTA, but a higher reduction was observed in BR (p<0.05). The antibacterial activity of CSBSs was similar in neutral conditions (p>0.05), and BR showed a greater antibacterial effect than ES and NMTA in the acidic condition (p<0.05). The pH of BR, ES, and NMTA ranged from 8.2 to 8.8 in the neutral condition in the presence of dentin after 7 days. However, acidic conditions reduced the pH values to 7.8 for BR, 6.0 for ES, and 5.8 for NMTA.

Conclusions

All CSBSs showed similar antibacterial activity in neutral conditions, while acidic pH had a reducing antibacterial effect on CSBSs.

Clinical relevance

Inflammatory pH decreased the antibacterial properties of CSBSs depending on the sealer type.

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Acknowledgements

The authors deny any conflicts of interest related to this study. CLSM images were taken at the University at Buffalo Optical Imaging and Analysis Facility, and we would like to thank Andrew McCall for his guidance during image processing.

Funding

This study was supported by the faculty funding from the University at Buffalo Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, 240 Squire Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA

    Fatima Bosaid, Hacer Aksel & Adham A. Azim

  2. Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, 155 5th St, San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA

    Adham A. Azim

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  1. Fatima Bosaid
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  2. Hacer Aksel
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Correspondence to Hacer Aksel or Adham A. Azim.

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Bosaid, F., Aksel, H. & Azim, A.A. Influence of acidic pH on antimicrobial activity of different calcium silicate based–endodontic sealers. Clin Oral Invest 26, 5369–5376 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04504-y

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