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Relationship between anterior maxillary tooth sagittal root position and periodontal phenotype: a clinical and tomographic study

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the relationship between the tomographic sagittal root position (SRP) of maxillary anterior teeth and periodontal phenotype (PP).

Material and methods

Seventy volunteers (420 teeth) were evaluated. Clinical and photographic exams included the evaluation of gingival phenotype (GP) by transparency of the periodontal probe, keratinized tissue width (KTW), gingival architecture, tooth shape, and papilla height (PH). Soft tissue tomographic scan (ST-CBCT) measurements included the SRP classification, GP, gingival thickness in the tissue zone (GT-TZ) and in the bone zone (GT-BZ), buccal bone thickness (BBT), and the distances from the gingival margin and from cementoenamel junction to the buccal bone crest (GM-BBC and CEJ-BBC). Kruskal–Wallis test and a linear regression analysis model were used.

Results

The frequency of SRP over the 420 teeth was 65.2% (class I), 9.3% (class II), 0.7% (class III), and 24.8% (class IV). Linear regression analysis showed that SRP is related to PP (p < 0.05). Significantly different measurements of PP parameters were found in SRP classes. The higher and lower GT and BBT were found in classes II and I, respectively. Class IV presented the highest KTW, PH, CEJ-BBC, and GM-BBC. Central incisors (CI) classes I and II were most frequently square-shaped, while 89% of CI Class IV were triangular-shaped.

Conclusion

The SRP of maxillary anterior teeth is related to periodontal phenotype.

Clinical relevance

Clinical and ST-CBCT individual analysis of PP and SRP may be helpful for an esthetic and functional treatment plan based on soft and hard tissue thickness and tooth positioning.

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Funding

The work was supported by the “Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES)”—Finance Code 001- Scholarship (CM).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Private Practice, Niterói, RJ, Brazil

    Diogo M. Rodrigues & Rodrigo L. Petersen

  2. Graduate Program, Federal Fluminense University School of Dentistry, Niterói, RJ, Brazil

    Caroline Montez

  3. Department of Statistics, Federal Fluminense University, Statistics and Mathematics Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Niterói, Brazil

    José R. de Moraes

  4. Aria Institute, Brasilia, DF, Brazil

    Alessandro L. Januário

  5. Department of Dental Clinic, Federal Fluminense University School of Dentistry, Niterói, RJ, Brazil

    Eliane P. Barboza

Authors
  1. Diogo M. Rodrigues
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  2. Rodrigo L. Petersen
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  3. Caroline Montez
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  4. José R. de Moraes
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  5. Alessandro L. Januário
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  6. Eliane P. Barboza
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eliane P. Barboza.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal Fluminense School of Medicine (CEP/HUAP/UFF 506.300), in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

784_2021_4105_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Supplementary file1 (TIF 3359 KB) Flow diagram on the selection of study participants and measurement sites according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

784_2021_4105_MOESM2_ESM.docx

Supplementary file2 (DOCX 17 KB) Frequency distribution of gingival thickness (thick or thin) and association with SRP classification

Supplementary file3 (DOCX 22 KB) Comparison between sagittal root position classification and bone thickness.

Supplementary file4 (DOCX 13 KB) Comparison between SRP classification and keratinized tissue width

Supplementary file5 (DOCX 15 KB) Comparison between supracrestal gingival tissues measurements and SRP Classification

Supplementary file6 (DOCX 29 KB) Comparison between gender and periodontal phenotype within different SRP classes

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Rodrigues, D.M., Petersen, R.L., Montez, C. et al. Relationship between anterior maxillary tooth sagittal root position and periodontal phenotype: a clinical and tomographic study. Clin Oral Invest 26, 1309–1321 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-04105-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-04105-1

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