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Clinical and esthetic outcomes of immediate implant placement compared to alveolar ridge preservation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Aim

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of immediate implant placement (IIP) compared to implants placed after alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) in terms of clinical, esthetic, and patient-reported outcomes.

Methods

A manual and electronic search (National Library of Medicine) was performed for controlled clinical trials, with at least 12 months of follow-up. Primary outcome variable was implant survival and secondary outcomes were marginal bone level (MBL) (change), pink esthetic score (PES), mid-facial mucosal level (change), papilla index score, complications, and patient-reported outcomes.

Results

A total of 10 publications were included (7 randomized clinical trials and 3 controlled clinical trials). The results from the meta-analyses showed that survival rate was significantly lower in the IIP group compared to ARP group [RR = 0.33; 95% CI (0.14; 0.78); p = 0.01]. No significant differences between the two groups were observed regarding radiographic MBL, PES scores, or mid-facial mucosal level (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

The results from this systematic review and meta-analysis showed that IIP had lower survival rates and similar esthetic results when compared to ARP.

Clinical relevance

Clinicians should weigh the benefits and disadvantages of each intervention to select the optimal timing of implant placement.

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Funding

This study was self-funded.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine and Dentistry, Periodontology Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    Santiago Mareque & Juan Blanco

  2. School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    Pablo Castelo-Baz

  3. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Alfonso X El Sabio, Madrid, Spain

    Joaquín López-Malla

  4. Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, C/ Josep Trueta s/n, 08195, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

    José Nart & Cristina Vallés

Authors
  1. Santiago Mareque
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  2. Pablo Castelo-Baz
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  3. Joaquín López-Malla
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  4. Juan Blanco
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  5. José Nart
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  6. Cristina Vallés
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Contributions

All authors have made substantial contributions to the conception and design of the study. SM and CV have been involved in literature search, data extraction, and data analysis. PC-B and JL-M have been involved in data interpretation. JB and JN have been involved in supervision and final manuscript revision.

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Correspondence to José Nart.

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Mareque, S., Castelo-Baz, P., López-Malla, J. et al. Clinical and esthetic outcomes of immediate implant placement compared to alveolar ridge preservation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Invest 25, 4735–4748 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-03986-6

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