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Effects of EGF-coated titanium surfaces on adhesion and metabolism of bisphosphonate-treated human keratinocytes and gingival fibroblasts

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Abstract

Objective

To assess the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF)–coated titanium (Ti) discs on the adhesion and metabolism of keratinocytes and gingival fibroblasts exposed to nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates.

Materials and methods

Keratinocytes and fibroblasts were seeded (1 × 105 cells/disc) on Ti discs coated with EGF (100 nM). After 24 h, cells were exposed or not to sodium alendronate (SA) or zoledronic acid (ZA) at different concentrations (0 = control, 0.5, 1, or 5 μM) for 48 h. Cell adhesion to the substrates was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. Cell viability (alamarBlue, n = 6) and synthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and keratinocytes growth factor (KGF) (ELISA, n = 6) were assessed. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 0.05).

Results

Higher cell adhesion rate was observed when keratinocytes and fibroblasts were seeded onto EGF-coated discs in comparison to uncoated discs. ZA treatment hindered the adhesion of both cell lines on the Ti discs as well as reduced the viability and synthesis of VEGF, KGF and MMP-2 by cells (p < 0.05). SA treatment did not affect cell viability, but interfered negatively on the adhesion and synthesis of EGF and KGF by the cells (p < 0.05). EGF-coated surface increased cell viability and synthesis of growth factors as well as downregulated the synthesis of MMP-2 in comparison to control (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

EGF applied on Ti surface improves the biological responses of oral mucosa cells exposed to SA and ZA.

Clinical relevance

EGF-coating on titanium may be a suitable strategy to improve oral mucosa cellular events related to biological sealing, especially for patients under bisphosphonate therapy.

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Acknowledgements

The authors received financial support from the São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP (grants no. 2015/19364-8/2018/11211-6) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq (grant no. 442637/2014-4).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil

    Taisa Nogueira Pansani & Laís Medeiros Cardoso

  2. Department of Dentistry, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, UNAERP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

    Luisa Ammirabile Augusto, Isabela Massaro Ribeiro & Fernanda Gonçalves Basso

  3. Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil

    Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa

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  1. Taisa Nogueira Pansani
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Correspondence to Fernanda Gonçalves Basso.

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This study was performed in accordance with the local Ethics Committee (CAAE: 55629215.7.0000.5416).

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Pansani, T.N., Cardoso, L.M., Augusto, L.A. et al. Effects of EGF-coated titanium surfaces on adhesion and metabolism of bisphosphonate-treated human keratinocytes and gingival fibroblasts. Clin Oral Invest 25, 5775–5784 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-03880-1

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