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Orthognathic surgery in class II patients: a longitudinal study on quality of life, TMD, and psychological aspects

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate, longitudinally, the impacts of orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal class II malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and psychological symptoms.

Materials and methods

Forty-three patients with skeletal class II malocclusion who were submitted to orthognathic surgery were evaluated during their preoperative and postoperative periods. They answered the short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and were also diagnosed according to Axes I and II of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). The evolution of OHRQoL and TMD before and after surgery was verified, and the relationships among these variables were found through statistical analysis using Wilcoxon, McNemar, chi-square, and Mann-Whitney tests, with a 5% significance level.

Results

The median of the overall OHIP-14 score and five domains decreased after orthognathic surgery (p < 0.05), the functional limitation domain increased (p = 0.014), and the physical disability domain did not show an association (p = 0.133). There were improvements in articular pain (p = 0.016), chronic pain (p = 0.019), and nonspecific physical symptoms excluding pain (p = 0.013). In addition, an association was found between poorer OHRQoL (overall scale and domains) and the Axis II variables of the RDC/TMD (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Orthognathic surgery improved perceived OHRQoL, articular pain, and chronic pain. The conditions of Axis II of the RDC/TMD interfered with OHRQoL postoperatively.

Clinical relevance

Although orthognathic surgery improves QoL and some TMD conditions in skeletal class II patients, poorer postoperative outcomes are observed when psychological conditions are present.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry of Universidade Federal do Paraná, 632 Prefeito Lothário Meissner Avenue, Curitiba, Paraná, 80210-170, Brazil

    Isabela Polesi Bergamaschi, Rafael Correia Cavalcante, Marina Fanderuff, Aline Monise Sebastiani, Delson João da Costa & Rafaela Scariot

  2. School of Health Sciences, Universidade Positivo, 5300 Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza Street, Curitiba, Paraná, 81280-330, Brazil

    Jennifer Tsi Gerber, Maria Fernanda Pivetta Petinati, Aline Monise Sebastiani & Rafaela Scariot

Authors
  1. Isabela Polesi Bergamaschi
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  2. Rafael Correia Cavalcante
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  3. Marina Fanderuff
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  4. Jennifer Tsi Gerber
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  6. Aline Monise Sebastiani
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aline Monise Sebastiani.

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Conflict of interest

Author Isabela Polesi Bergamaschi declares that she has no conflict of interest. Author Rafael Correia Cavalcante declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Marina Fanderuff declares that she has no conflict of interest. Author Maria Fernanda Pivetta Petinati declares that she has no conflict of interest. Author Delson João da Costa declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Rafaela Scariot declares that she has no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics in Research Committee of Positivo University (No. CAEE 69240817.7.0000.0093) and Federal University of Paraná (No. CAEE 69725317.5.0000.0102).

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Bergamaschi, I.P., Cavalcante, R.C., Fanderuff, M. et al. Orthognathic surgery in class II patients: a longitudinal study on quality of life, TMD, and psychological aspects. Clin Oral Invest 25, 3801–3808 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03709-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03709-3

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