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Experimental peri-implantitis around titanium implants with a chemically modified surface with a monolayer of multi-phosphonate molecules: a preclinical in vivo investigation

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Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this experimental in vivo investigation was to evaluate the influence of modifying the implant surface by adding a monolayer of multi-phosphonate molecules on the development of experimental peri-implantitis.

Material and methods

Eight beagle dogs received 5 tests and 5 control implants each following a split-mouth design 3 months after premolar and molar extraction. On the most mesial implant of each side, a 3-mm buccal dehiscence was artificially created. Experimental peri-implantitis was induced by silk ligatures over a 4-month period; after ligature removal, peri-implantitis was left to progress for another 4 months without plaque control. Clinical, histological, and radiographic outcomes were evaluated.

Results

Radiographically, both implant groups showed a similar bone loss (BL) at the end of the induction and progression phases. BL measured on the histological sections of the test and control groups was 3.14 ± 0.42 mm and 3.26 ± 0.28 mm, respectively; the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The remaining buccal bone to implant contact (bBIC) percentage of the test and control groups was 59.38 ± 18.62 and 47.44 ± 20.46%, respectively; the difference, however, was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Bone loss observed at dehiscent sites compared to non-dehiscent ones showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Addition of a monophosphonate layer to a moderately rough implant surface did not affect development of experimental peri-implantitis.

Clinical relevance

Influence of implant surface on peri-implantitis may condition implant selection by the clinician, especially on patients with disease risk factors. In that sense, monophosphate layer implants do not show higher peri-implantitis risk than control implants.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express their appreciation to the personnel of the Rof Codina research facilities, for their invaluable support with the care of the animals. Also, the authors would like to acknowledge the support with the histological processing made by Fernando Muñoz’s research team.

Funding

This study was partially funded through a research contract between the University Complutense of Madrid and MIS Implants (Israel).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Postgraduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    J. Sanz-Esporrin, R. Di Raimondo, R. Pla, F. Luengo, F. Vignoletti, J. Núñez, G. J. Antonoglou & M. Sanz

  2. ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    J. Sanz-Esporrin & M. Sanz

  3. Periodontology Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    J. Blanco

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  1. J. Sanz-Esporrin
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Contributions

• Javier Sanz-Esporrin: data retrieval, data analysis, help in surgical procedures, and writing the manuscript.

• Riccardo Di Raimondo: helped in surgeries in dogs.

• Rafael Pla: helped in surgeries in dogs.

• Fernando Luengo: helped in surgeries in dogs.

• Fabio Vignoletti: surgeries in dogs, protocol design, and manuscript editing.

• Javier Núñez: surgeries in dogs and manuscript editing.

• Georgios Antonoglou: histomorphometry measurements and draft preparation.

• Juan Blanco: surgeries in dogs, protocol design, and manuscript editing.

• Mariano Sanz: protocol design and manuscript editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. Sanz-Esporrin.

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All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Sanz-Esporrin, J., Di Raimondo, R., Pla, R. et al. Experimental peri-implantitis around titanium implants with a chemically modified surface with a monolayer of multi-phosphonate molecules: a preclinical in vivo investigation. Clin Oral Invest 25, 3789–3800 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03708-4

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