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Clinical characteristics and risk factors of major oral ulcers in the mandibular retromolar region in children

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Abstract

Objectives

To describe the characteristics of major aphthous ulcers (MjOU) in children and analyze its potential risk factors.

Materials and methods

Data were collected from the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of China between 2012 and 2017. Children younger than 15 years old, who had a giant mucosa ulcer (≥ 1 cm in diameter) and met the diagnostic criteria for MjOU were included in this study. Differences were compared between two subgroups of patients based on the location of the ulcerous lesions. A measurement of ratio (TBR) between the length of the mandibular second molar tooth germ and the height of the mandible was performed in children with MjOU lesions located in the mandibular retromolar pad region (MjOU-P) and their age- and sex-matched controls.

Results

A total of 1067 children were diagnosed with oral ulcers during the study period, of which 125 (11.7%, 95% CI: 9.8%–13.7%) met the diagnostic criteria for MjOU. More than half (n = 64, 51.2%) of the MjOU cases were MjOU-P, which had a male predilection (n = 52, 81.3%) with a significant majority at 7 to 9 years of age (n = 43, 67.2%). In comparison to the MjOU located in other regions, MjOU-P lasted longer in duration and had more comorbidities. Logistic regression analysis showed that MjOU-P was statistically significantly associated with TBR controlling age and gender.

Conclusions

MjOU-P is a predominant form of MjOU in children and is a distinct subgroup of major ulcers that is likely associated with the development of the mandibular second molars.

Clinical relevance

This study is the first to describe the demographic and clinical features of MjOU in children, which may facilitate the identification and treatment of these patients.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the following for their assistance in collecting data for this manuscript: Wei Sun, Yubo Liu, Dian Gan, Kangjie Li, Yiwen Zhou, Weiwei Guo, Meng Huang, Jiachen Song, Chonghua Liang, Jiantong Cui, Yuantao Ma, Wenqiang Sun, Pengli Li, Luyue Zhang, Hengxin Wang, Lin Li, Situo Wang, Zhong Wang, Haolei Xiao, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.

Funding

The clinical study described in this article was funded by grants from the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of China (LCA202008) and the State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology (2018ZB01).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University (FMMU), Xi’an, China

    Yuhong Wang, Minghui Wei, Yuanyuan Wang & Xinwen Wang

  2. Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, FMMU, Changle West Road 145, Xi’an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China

    Yuhong Wang, Minghui Wei, Haolin Zhang, Yuanyuan Wang & Xinwen Wang

  3. Hospital of the PLA, 94162, Lintong, China

    Zeming Hui

  4. School of Public Health, The FMMU, Xi’an, China

    Zhaohua Ji

  5. Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The FMMU, Xi’an, China

    Haolin Zhang

  6. Department of Stomatology, The First People Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xi’an, China

    Jie Chen

  7. Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, 625 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14620, USA

    Yanfang Ren

Authors
  1. Yuhong Wang
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  2. Zeming Hui
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  4. Minghui Wei
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  5. Haolin Zhang
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  6. Yuanyuan Wang
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  7. Jie Chen
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  8. Xinwen Wang
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  9. Yanfang Ren
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xinwen Wang or Yanfang Ren.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

Ethical approval (No. ChiCTR2000035800 ) was obtained from the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR).

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Application for exempt of paper informed consent formal consent was approved by the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry.

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Yuhong Wang, Zeming Hui, and Zhaohua Ji are co-first authors.

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Cite this article

Wang, Y., Hui, Z., Ji, Z. et al. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of major oral ulcers in the mandibular retromolar region in children. Clin Oral Invest 25, 3505–3512 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03672-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03672-z

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