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Local application of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis: Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind split-mouth clinical trial

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Abstract

Objective

Assess a single local application of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NPT).

Materials and methods

Twenty healthy subjects with periodontitis received SRP+PLGA/PLA nanoparticles loaded with 50 μg of curcumin (N-Curc) or SRP+empty nanoparticles. Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were monitored at baseline, 30, 90, and 180 days. IL-1α, IL-6, TNFα, and IL-10 in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were assessed by ELISA, and counts of 40 bacterial species were determined by DNA hybridization at baseline, 3, 7, and 15 days post-therapy.

Results

PPD, CAL, and BOP were similarly and significantly improved in both experimental groups. There was no difference in GCF cytokine levels between experimental groups, although IL-6 was decreased at 3 days only in the N-Curc group. NPT reduced counts of red complex bacterial species in both groups. Veillonella Parvula counts increased significantly only in N-Curc group at 7 days, whereas Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans counts increased significantly only in the control group from day 3 to day 15.

Conclusion

We conclude that a single local administration of nanoencapsulated curcumin in periodontally diseased sites had no additive benefits to NPT.

Clinical relevance

Our results showed that a single local application of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles associated with nonsurgical periodontal therapy did not improve clinical outcomes. Hence, our findings do not support the use of curcumin as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Izilvânia M. Q. Barreto from Guarulhos University for the technical support with the DNA-DNA checkerboard hybridization technique.

Funding

This study was financially supported by Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq 440588/2014-6) and by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil

    Cindy Grace Pérez-Pacheco, Natalie Ap. Rodrigues Fernandes, Morgana Rodrigues Guimarães-Stabili & Carlos Rossa Jr

  2. Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil

    Fernando Lucas Primo

  3. Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering- Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil

    Antonio Claudio Tedesco

  4. Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Emily Bellile

  5. Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, Universidade de Guarulhos - UNG, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Belen Retamal-Valdes & Magda Feres

Authors
  1. Cindy Grace Pérez-Pacheco
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  2. Natalie Ap. Rodrigues Fernandes
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Correspondence to Carlos Rossa Jr.

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Pérez-Pacheco, C., Fernandes, N., Primo, F. et al. Local application of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis: Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind split-mouth clinical trial. Clin Oral Invest 25, 3217–3227 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03652-3

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