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Effect of drain application on postoperative complaints after surgical removal of impacted wisdom teeth—a randomized observer-blinded split-mouth clinical trial

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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this randomized observer-blinded split-mouth-study is to objectively assess the influence of a rubber drain on postoperative swelling using 3D face scans as measurement method and additionally evaluate pain, trismus and complications after the osteotomy of lower third molars.

Material and methods

Seventy-two patients with symmetrically impacted lower wisdom teeth were recruited. Before the operation, patients rated pain using the visual analogue scale, the interincisal distance was measured, and 3D face scans were taken with an optical scanner. Each patient underwent two procedures which were at least 30 days apart. On one side, a rubber drain was inserted randomly before closure, the contralateral control side was closed without drainage. On the third and tenth postoperative day, face scans to quantify the swelling, pain evaluation and trismus measurements were performed. Due to loss of follow-up, 32 patients were excluded which resulted in 40 out of 72 patients remaining in the study.

Results

There was no statistical difference in using a drain on swelling and trismus on the third and tenth day (p > 0.05). Pain was slightly worse on the third day on the treatment side, but the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). We observed no differences in the number of wound infections.

Conclusions

The insertion of a rubber drain does not have any influence on swelling, pain or trismus and has no impact on the number of wound infections.

Clinical relevance

The use of a rubber drain cannot be recommended as no reduction of postoperative discomfort was detected.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Marie Sophie Katz, Florian Peters, Dirk Elvers, Philipp Winterhalder, Kristian Kniha, Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich, Frank Hölzle & Ali Modabber

  2. Department of Orthodontics, University of Witten/ Herdecke, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 50, 58448, Witten, Germany

    Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich

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  1. Marie Sophie Katz
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Correspondence to Marie Sophie Katz.

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All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the institutional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Decision Number 240-17) and by the German Clinical Trials Register (File Number DRKS00017024, registered on March 21, 2019).

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Katz, M.S., Peters, F., Elvers, D. et al. Effect of drain application on postoperative complaints after surgical removal of impacted wisdom teeth—a randomized observer-blinded split-mouth clinical trial. Clin Oral Invest 25, 345–353 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03464-5

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