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Correlation of molecular biomarker concentrations between synovial fluid and saliva of the patients with temporomandibular disorders

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Abstract

Objectives

The synovial membrane and fluid are involved in the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. This study aims to assess the relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), chemerin and prostaglandin (PGE2) levels in the synovial fluid (SF) and saliva of patients with TMJ disorder regarding their role in inflammation and the value of being a candidate for predictive biomarkers in the disease. Also, it is aimed to find out whether chemerin’s main function triggers the formation inflammatory cytokine markers in the associated area.

Materials and methods

Thirty-two samples of SF and saliva were obtained from patients with disc displacement without reduction with limited opening (DDWORwLO). Mann-Whitney-U test was used for the comparisons of the biomarker levels in SF and saliva. The correlation between chemerin and BMI (Body Mass Index) is analyzed by non-parametric Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient.

Results

For all of the three biomarkers, statistically significant differences were found between SF and saliva. An unexpectedly high level expression of chemerin was observed in SF. A statistically significant, positive correlation was observed between PGE2 -MMP-2, and chemerin-PGE2 in saliva, chemerin and MMP-2 in SF, respectively (p = 0.031, r = 0.382 / p = 0.039, r = 0.366 / p = 0.032, r = 0.379). A positive correlation was determined between saliva and SF levels of PGE2 (p = 0.016, r = 0.421).

Conclusions

Chemerin, MMP-2, and PGE2 can play a role as an inflammatory factor for the development of TMJ disorder.

Clinical relevance

The search for molecular markers in TMJ and the inhibition of the associated molecular signaling mechanism is important to reduce joint inflammation and cartilage degradation.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Karadag O. (Department of Statistics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University) and Tasdelen B. (Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Mersin University) for their great efforts for the statistical analysis.

Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey

    Deniz Yaman

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

    Cansu Alpaslan

  3. Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

    Gülçin Akca

  4. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics/Biochemistry, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey

    Emre Avcı

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  1. Deniz Yaman
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Correspondence to Deniz Yaman.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Yaman, D., Alpaslan, C., Akca, G. et al. Correlation of molecular biomarker concentrations between synovial fluid and saliva of the patients with temporomandibular disorders. Clin Oral Invest 24, 4455–4461 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03310-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03310-8

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