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Effect of gamma-ray sterilization on phase transformation behavior and fatigue resistance of contemporary nickel-titanium instruments

Clinical Oral Investigations Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare body temperature cyclic fatigue resistance (CF) of heat-treated NiTi rotary instruments submitted to gamma-irradiation or autoclave sterilization.

Materials and methods

A total of 176 instruments (88 Hyflex EDM (HEDM) and 88 TRUShape (TS)) were used. Forty-four of each were submitted to gamma-irradiation. Twenty-two in each group were further autoclaved, resulting in a total of eight groups (n = 22 each): TS-γ and HEDM-γ (gamma-irradiated)/TS-γ-ac and HEDM-γ-ac (gamma-irradiated and autoclaved)/TS-non-γ and HEDM-non-γ (non-sterilized controls, non-gamma-irradiated/non-autoclaved)/TS-non-γ-ac and HEDM-non-γ-ac (non-gamma-irradiated and autoclaved). Twenty in each were tested for CF. Weibull parameters were calculated and compared. The remainder was used for differential scanning calorimetry analysis.

Results

TS instruments lasted significantly longer if not submitted to gamma-irradiation (TS-non-γ mean-life = 101.5 s, 95 CI% 91.7–112.3; TS-γ mean-life = 83.2 s, 95 CI% 76–91.1); further autoclaving did not significantly affect CF. Gamma-irradiation did not affect HEDM (HEDM-γ mean-life = 717.9 s, 95 CI% 636.8–809.3; HEDM-non-γ: mean-life = 678.8 s, 95 CI% 595.1–744.2); further sterilization significantly decreased fatigue resistance (HEDM-γ-ac mean-life = 524.1 s, 95 CI% 476.1–576.8; HEDM-non-γ-ac mean-life = 570.6, 95 CI% 512.3–635.5). Gamma irradiation benefited HEDM conversion to martensite state and its maintenance, while further autoclave sterilization reverted the benefit.

Conclusions

Gamma-irradiation and autoclaving differentially affected fatigue life span and transformation temperatures of contemporary martensitic rotary instruments manufactured with different methods.

Clinical relevance

Gamma-ray processing is increasingly utilized by manufacturers for clinician to use fully sterile packaged instruments; however, the sterilization method of choice should vary depending on the effects on the behavior of contemporary martensitic rotary instruments manufactured with different methods.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Coltene Whaledent and Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties for donating the instruments used in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Complutense University, Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Ana Arias & José C. Macorra

  2. Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Ana Arias & Ove A. Peters

  3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Sanjay Govindjee

  4. School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

    Ove A. Peters

Authors
  1. Ana Arias
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  2. José C. Macorra
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  3. Sanjay Govindjee
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  4. Ove A. Peters
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ana Arias.

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Conflict of interest

Dr. Ove Peters serves as a consultant for Dentsply Sirona, whose support for this study is also acknowledged. The remaining authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Arias, A., Macorra, J.C., Govindjee, S. et al. Effect of gamma-ray sterilization on phase transformation behavior and fatigue resistance of contemporary nickel-titanium instruments. Clin Oral Invest 24, 3113–3120 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-03185-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-03185-4

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