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Assessment of condylar volume and ramus height in JIA patients with unilateral and bilateral TMJ involvement: retrospective case-control study

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Abstract

Objectives

The objectives of the study are to analyze volumetric differences of condylar volumes in patients with unilateral and bilateral JIA and to compare results with control condylar volumes.

Materials and methods

Forty-six CBCT images were analyzed for all patients affected by JIA, 37 females and 9 males (mean age 10.8 ± 4.2) with TMJ involvement (19 unilaterally, mean age 10.9 ± 4.5; 27 bilaterally, mean age 10.7 ± 4.5), and 25 CBCT of subjects without diagnosis of JIA were selected as controls (mean age 10.8 ± 4.2 years). In the case of unilateral JIA, condylar volumes and ramus lengths were compared with healthy condyle and with the compromised one. In the case of bilateral JIA, condyle volume and ramus lengths were compared with healthy one. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess whether the data was normally distributed. Paired t test was applied to compare affected and non-affected condyle in the same patients (P < 0.05). Independent t test was used to evaluate whether the difference between the groups were comparable or significantly different (P < 0.05).

Results

For the unilateral JIA group, significant differences comparing affected and non-affected condyles were found. A statistically significant reduction of the volume of the head, neck, and ramus was found in the affected side (P < 0.01).

For the bilateral JIA group, statistically significant differences have been found considering the condylar head and neck, the whole condylar volume, and the ramus length compared with the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Subjects with unilateral JIA have condyles volumetrically smaller than those of the unaffected side and those found in healthy patients. A considerable decrease of the volume of all the anatomical structures considered in the patients with bilateral JIA was found compared with control group.

Clinical relevance

The study presents the effects of JIA on different anatomical structures highlighting their dimensional changes, whose sequelae are irreversible if not diagnosed and treated early.

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Funding

The work was supported by the Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences at University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Italy.

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Author notes

  1. Marco Farronato, Davide Cavagnetto, and Andrea Abate equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, UOC Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Marco Farronato, Davide Cavagnetto, Andrea Abate, Paolo Cressoni, Andrea Fama & Cinzia Maspero

Authors
  1. Marco Farronato
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  2. Davide Cavagnetto
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  3. Andrea Abate
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  4. Paolo Cressoni
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  5. Andrea Fama
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  6. Cinzia Maspero
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cinzia Maspero.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

A retrospective case-control study was performed analyzing CBCT of patients affected by JIA and comparing them with healthy controls. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore, Milan, Italy (protocol no. 573/15). This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors. All procedures performed in this retrospective study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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For this type of study, informed consent was obtained from all individual participants or their parents, depending on their age included in the study.

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Farronato, M., Cavagnetto, D., Abate, A. et al. Assessment of condylar volume and ramus height in JIA patients with unilateral and bilateral TMJ involvement: retrospective case-control study. Clin Oral Invest 24, 2635–2643 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-03122-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-03122-5

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