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Do family functioning and mothers’ and children’s stress increase the odds of probable sleep bruxism among schoolchildren? A case control study

Clinical Oral Investigations volume 24, pages 1025–1033 (2020)Cite this article

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Abstract

Objective

To investigate the association between probable sleep bruxism (PSB) and associated factors in schoolchildren.

Materials and methods

A case-control study was conducted with a representative sample of 320 schoolchildren aged 8 to 10 years. The case group (160 children with PSB) and the control group (160 children without PSB) were matched for sex and age at a proportion of 1:1. Information on audible characteristics of PSB, harmful oral habits, and socio-demographic characteristics as collected through questionnaires answered by the parents/caregivers. The family functioning of children was measured through The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES III). Mothers self-administered the Lipp Stress Symptoms Inventory (LSSI) for adults to measure mothers’ stress and the children filled out the Child Stress Scale (CSS) to measure the children stress. Data analysis used descriptive and logistic regression analyses (p < 0.05).

Results

Among the children with stress, 67.3% had PSB. Children with stress (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.18–4.19), those with a history of nail biting (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.39–3.55), and biting objects (OR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.09–2.87) were more likely to have PSB.

Conclusion

Childhood stress and a history of nail biting or biting objects are important signs to be considered in schoolchildren with PBS.

Clinical relevance

These results alert that the PBS might be a sign of stress and other psychological problems such as tension and anxiety related to the presence of harmful oral habits. Furthermore, the results could help in the targeting of anamnesis, improved prevention and treatment strategies for sleep bruxism which should involve an interdisciplinary approach.

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Fig. 1

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to psychologist Pollyana Santos Siqueira for her assistance in the interpretation of the psychological tests and Professor Franklin Daniel Rothman, Ph. D, for final critical review of the article.

Funding

The work was supported by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) -Finance Code (153137/2018-5).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil

    Clarissa Lopes Drumond, Saul Martins Paiva, Raquel Gonçalves Vieira-Andrade, Joana Ramos-Jorge & Júnia Maria Cheib Serra-Negra

  2. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge

  3. Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Federica Provini

Authors
  1. Clarissa Lopes Drumond
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  2. Saul Martins Paiva
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  3. Raquel Gonçalves Vieira-Andrade
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  7. Júnia Maria Cheib Serra-Negra
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Correspondence to Clarissa Lopes Drumond.

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Drumond, C.L., Paiva, S.M., Vieira-Andrade, R.G. et al. Do family functioning and mothers’ and children’s stress increase the odds of probable sleep bruxism among schoolchildren? A case control study. Clin Oral Invest 24, 1025–1033 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-02997-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-02997-8

Keywords

  • Sleep bruxism
  • Child
  • Psychological stress
  • Family
  • Habits
  • Epidemiology