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Effect of temperature on the cyclic fatigue resistance of thermally treated reciprocating instruments

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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of body temperature on the cyclic fatigue resistance of different NiTi alloys used for the manufacturing of Reciproc Blue R25 (RB 25.08; VDW, Munich, Germany), X1 Blue File 25 (X1 25.06; MK Life Medical and Dental Products, Porto Alegre, Brazil) and WaveOne Gold Primary (WOG 25.07; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland).

Materials and methods

Sixty instruments of the RB 25.08, X1 25.06 and WOG 25.07 systems were used (n = 20). Cyclic fatigue tests were performed at room temperature (20° ± 1 °C) and at body temperature (37° ± 1 °C). The instruments were reciprocated until fracture occurred in an artificial stainless steel canal with a 60° angle and a 5-mm radius of curvature. The time to fracture (TTF) was recorded. Also, the number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was calculated. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests for inter-group comparison at both temperatures and for the reduction of cyclic fatigue at body temperature. For intra-group comparison at the different temperatures, the unpaired t test was used.

Results

The cyclic fatigue test at 20 °C showed that RB 25.08 and X1 25.06 presented significantly higher TTF and NCF than WOG 25.07 (P < 0.05). At 37 °C, all groups presented significant reduction of TTF and NCF (P < 0.05). RB 25.08 presented significant higher TTF than WOG 25.07 (P < 0.05). Regarding the NCF, there was no significant difference among the groups (P > 0.05). The WOG 25.07 presented the lowest percentage reduction of cyclic fatigue (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The body temperature treatment caused a marked reduction of the cyclic fatigue resistance for all reciprocating instruments tested. The RB 25.08 and X1 25.06 systems presented similar results at both temperatures tested. However, WOG 25.07 presented the lowest percentage reduction in fatigue resistance at body temperature.

Clinical relevance

The cyclic fatigue resistance of NiTi reciprocating instruments has been evaluated at room temperature. However, the fatigue resistance significantly decreases upon exposure to body temperature, which could affect the mechanical behaviour of the NiTi instruments during root canal preparation.

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Funding

This study is supported by FAPESP/BRAZIL (grant no. 2014/25520-0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil

    Michel Espinosa Klymus, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan & Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte

  2. Department of Conservative Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Marcus Vinicius Reis Só

  3. Department of Endodontics, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, CE, Brazil

    Bruno Carvalho de Vasconselos

Authors
  1. Michel Espinosa Klymus
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  2. Murilo Priori Alcalde
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  3. Rodrigo Ricci Vivan
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  4. Marcus Vinicius Reis Só
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  5. Bruno Carvalho de Vasconselos
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  6. Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
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Correspondence to Murilo Priori Alcalde.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Klymus, M.E., Alcalde, M.P., Vivan, R.R. et al. Effect of temperature on the cyclic fatigue resistance of thermally treated reciprocating instruments. Clin Oral Invest 23, 3047–3052 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2718-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2718-1

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