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Adaptation to new complete dentures—is the neuromuscular system outcome-oriented or effort-oriented?

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to observe the adaptation strategy of the stomatognathic system during the adaptation of complete dentures, comprising masticatory parameters and subjective measures. Our hypothesis was that with new dentures, masticatory performance would increase while the effort of the system is kept constant.

Material and methods

Thirty-two patients received standardized new complete dentures. Masticatory performance tests were conducted with old dentures (T1), immediately after incorporation of new dentures (T2) and after an adaptation period of 3 months (T3). Patients habitually chewed the silicone-based artificial test food Optocal. The comminuted test food was analyzed and mean particle sizes (x50) were calculated. Simultaneously, surface EMGs of the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles were recorded. Specific (SMW) and total muscle work (TMW) were determined. Patients filled in the OHIP-49 questionnaire. Test conditions were compared using repeated-measures ANOVA with SPSS 22 (SPSS Inc.)

Results

Masticatory performance increased (P = 0.016) between old (x50 = 4.99 ± 0.28) and adapted new dentures (x50 = 4.80 ± 0.33). TMW deteriorated (P = 0.004) at T2 (from TMW1 = 119.77 ± 56.49 to TMW2 = 92.12 46.27), and increased again (P = 0.028) at T3 (TMW3 = 107.66 ± 44.65). OHIP scores decreased significantly in all subscales (P < 0.001…P = 0.046); the total score was reduced (P < 0.001) from 56.24 ± 29.05 (T1) to 34.66 ± 24.74 (T3).

Conclusion

In complete denture wearers, masticatory performance improves over an adaptation period. Muscle work initially decreased before reaching its original level again after adaptation. Subjective parameters overestimated the functional improvements.

Clinical significance

The subjective evaluation does not adequately reflect functional improvements. The assessment of function requires an adaptation period.

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Funding

The work was supported by the company BEGO Implant Systems GmbH & Co. KG, Bremen, Germany.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Prosthodontics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Lydia Eberhard, Keunyoung Oh, Constantin Eiffler, Peter Rammelsberg & Stefanie Kappel

  2. Department of Prosthodontics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

    Hans-Jürgen Schindler & Nikolaos Nikitas Giannakopoulos

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  1. Lydia Eberhard
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  2. Keunyoung Oh
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  3. Constantin Eiffler
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  4. Peter Rammelsberg
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  6. Hans-Jürgen Schindler
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  7. Nikolaos Nikitas Giannakopoulos
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Correspondence to Lydia Eberhard.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg (S-208/2010).

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Eberhard, L., Oh, K., Eiffler, C. et al. Adaptation to new complete dentures—is the neuromuscular system outcome-oriented or effort-oriented?. Clin Oral Invest 22, 2309–2317 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2331-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2331-8

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