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A 5-year prospective study on regenerative periodontal therapy of infrabony defects using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen-enriched bovine-derived xenograft

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Abstract

Aim

The primary objective of this study was (1) to evaluate the 5-year clinical outcome of regenerative periodontal therapy (RPT) using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen-enriched bovine-derived xenograft and (2) to identify predictors for clinical attachment level (CAL) gain and vertical radiographic bone (RB) gain.

Materials and methods

Ninety-five non-smoking patients with ≤ 25% full-mouth plaque and bleeding presenting ≥ 6 months after initial periodontal therapy with ≥ 1 isolated interdental infrabony defect were recruited. Minimally invasive surgery (MIST or M-MIST) and a collagen-enriched bovine-derived xenograft were used in all patients. Patients were surgically treated by the same clinician and evaluated up to 5 years of follow-up. Multivariate analyses were used to identify predictors for CAL gain and RB gain.

Results

Before surgery, mean probing depth (PD) was 7.8 mm, CAL was 10.0 mm, and defect depth amounted to 5.2 mm. Seventy-one patients (33 men, 38 women, mean age 52) could be evaluated at 5 years. Mean PD reduction was 3.3 mm (SD 2.2), CAL gain was 3.0 mm (SD 2.1), and RB gain was 57% (SD 38). Forty-five percent showed ≥ 4 mm CAL gain, whereas 24% were considered failures (≤ 1 mm CAL gain). Forty-eight percent showed considerable RB gain (≥ 75%). Regression analyses showed that plaque was a significant predictor for CAL gain (p = 0.001) and RB gain (p = 0.005). Patients’ compliance had a significant impact on RB gain (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Only patients with perfect oral hygiene and excellent compliance should be considered for RPT. Especially, the latter can only be assessed after sufficient follow-up following initial periodontal therapy.

Clinical relevance

RPT failed in 24% of the patients after 5 years. Regression analyses demonstrated a significant impact of plaque and patients’ compliance on the long-term outcome. Only patients with perfect oral hygiene and excellent compliance should be considered for RPT. Patients should not be treated too soon following initial therapy, since compliance can only be reliably assessed after sufficient follow-up.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oral Health Research Group (ORHE), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium

    Thomas De Bruyckere, Aryan Eghbali, Faris Younes, Roberto Cleymaet, Wolfgang Jacquet & Jan Cosyn

  2. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dental School, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Thomas De Bruyckere, Wolfgang Jacquet, Hugo De Bruyn & Jan Cosyn

Authors
  1. Thomas De Bruyckere
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  2. Aryan Eghbali
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  4. Roberto Cleymaet
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  6. Hugo De Bruyn
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  7. Jan Cosyn
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thomas De Bruyckere.

Ethics declarations

The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki declaration of 1975 as revised in 2000 and the study protocol was approved by the ethical committee of the University Hospital in Ghent.

Conflict of interest

Author Drs. Thomas De Bruyckere declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Dr. Aryan Ehgbali declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Drs. Faris Younes declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Prof. Roberto Cleymaet declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Prof. Wolfgang Jacquet declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Prof. Hugo De Bruyn declares that he has no conflict of interest. Prof. De Bruyn has a research and education collaboration agreement with Densply, Sirona, and Southern Implants (on behalf of Ghent University). Author Prof. Jan Cosyn declares that he has no conflict of interest. Prof. Cosyn has a collaboration agreement with Nobel Biocare.

Funding

The study was self-supported, but the company Mediplus, Rixensart, Belgium, provided free materials to be used in the study. Prof. Cosyn has a collaboration agreement with Mediplus, Rixensart, Belgium.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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De Bruyckere, T., Eghbali, A., Younes, F. et al. A 5-year prospective study on regenerative periodontal therapy of infrabony defects using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen-enriched bovine-derived xenograft. Clin Oral Invest 22, 1235–1242 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2208-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2208-x

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