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Application of tissue-engineered bone grafts for alveolar cleft osteoplasty in a rodent model

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Abstract

Objectives

The clinical standard for alveolar cleft osteoplasty is augmentation with autologous bone being available in limited amounts and might be associated with donor site morbidity. The aim of the present study was the creation of tissue-engineered bone grafts and their in vivo evaluation regarding their potential to promote osteogenesis in an alveolar cleft model.

Materials and methods

Artificial bone defects with a diameter of 3.3 mm were created surgically in the palate of 84 adult Lewis rats. Four experimental groups (n = 21) were examined: bovine hydroxyl apatite/collagen (bHA) without cells, bHA with undifferentiated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), bHA with osteogenically differentiated MSC. In a control group, the defect remained empty. After 6, 9 and 12 weeks, the remaining defect volume was assessed by cone beam computed tomography. Histologically, the remaining defect width and percentage of bone formation was quantified.

Results

After 12 weeks, the remaining defect width was 60.1% for bHA, 74.7% for bHA with undifferentiated MSC and 81.8% for bHA with osteogenically differentiated MSC. For the control group, the remaining defect width measured 46.2% which was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The study design was suitable to evaluate tissue-engineered bone grafts prior to a clinical application. In this experimental set-up with the described maxillary defect, no promoting influence on bone formation of bone grafts containing bHA could be confirmed.

Clinical relevance

The creation of a sufficient tissue-engineered bone graft for alveolar cleft osteoplasty could preserve patients from donor site morbidity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors want to thank Mrs. Diana Jünger for her extensive assistance in preparing the bone grafts. Furthermore, the authors are grateful to Dr. Roland Jung and the team of the Experimental Centre of the Medical Faculty “Carl Gustav Carus”, Technische Universität Dresden, for the care of the animals and assistance during the surgical interventions. Dr. Heike Meißner is acknowledged for the scanning electron microscope images. Moreover, the authors thank Mr. Torsten Jannasch for the assistance in preparing the images.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine “Carl Gustav Carus”, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany

    Paula Korn, Maria Hauptstock, Winnie Pradel, Günter Lauer & Matthias C. Schulz

  2. Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine “Carl Gustav Carus”, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany

    Ursula Range

  3. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine “Carl Gustav Carus”, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany

    Christiane Kunert-Keil

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  1. Paula Korn
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  2. Maria Hauptstock
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  3. Ursula Range
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  4. Christiane Kunert-Keil
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  7. Matthias C. Schulz
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Correspondence to Paula Korn.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

The study was financially supported by an internal research grant “MeDDrive Projekt Start” of the Faculty of Medicine “Carl Gustav Carus”, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany. The bone substitute was kindly provided by Geistlich Biomaterials, Wolhusen, Switzerland.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors. All applicable international, national and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Korn, P., Hauptstock, M., Range, U. et al. Application of tissue-engineered bone grafts for alveolar cleft osteoplasty in a rodent model. Clin Oral Invest 21, 2521–2534 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2050-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2050-1

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