Abstract
Objectives
Vitamin D plays an essential role in bone metabolism as well as in immunity. Hence, it might affect the development and extent of periodontal disease. The aim of this study was the assessment of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status in periodontal disease.
Materials and methods
Twenty-nine patients with severe periodontal disease and 29 healthy volunteers were recruited in this case-control-study. Serum 25(OH)D levels, Periodontal Probing Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Body Mass Index (BMI), and current smoking status and smoking history (packyears) were assessed in all participants. Serum 25(OH)D levels were compared between controls and cases. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for periodontal disease in 25(OH)D deficient probands.
Results
Patients with periodontal disease presented a significantly higher proportion of deficient 25(OH)D levels (i.e., <50 nmol/l) compared to healthy controls (48 vs. 14 % respectively). The adjusted OR for periodontal disease with vitamin D deficiency was 1.5 (95 % CI, 1.13–1.98). No correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and CAL, PPD, and BOP in the group with periodontal disease was found.
Conclusions
In this case-control-study 25(OH)D deficiency is significantly associated with periodontal disease.
Clinical relevance
The assessment of vitamin D levels in patients presenting with periodontal disease seems advisable, as vitamin D deficiency might be involved in the onset and progression of periodontal disease.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by research grant no.12986 from the Austrian National Bank. The authors wish to thank Mrs. Hedwig Rutschek (Medical University of Vienna) and Mrs. Phoung Quynh Nguyen (Medical University of Vienna) for their valuable contribution.
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This work was supported by research grant no.12986 from the Austrian National Bank.
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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All procedures performed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
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Laky, M., Bertl, K., Haririan, H. et al. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are associated with periodontal disease. Clin Oral Invest 21, 1553–1558 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1965-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1965-2