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Cytocompatibility of calcium silicate-based sealers in a three-dimensional cell culture model

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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to evaluate cytotoxic effects and cytokine production of calcium silicate-based sealers (EndoSeal, EndoSequence BC Sealer, and MTA Fillapex) using an in vitro root canal filling model and three-dimensional (3D) cell culture. AH Plus as a reference was compared to contemporary calcium silicate cements regarding cell viability and cytokine production.

Material and methods

Root canals of 30 human maxillary incisors were prepared using a single-file reciprocating technique. The samples were randomly distributed and canals filled with either AH Plus, EndoSeal, EndoSequence BC Sealer, and MTA Fillapex (n = 6). In the negative control group, the root canal remained unfilled. Sealers were placed into the canals along with a gutta-percha cone placed to working length. Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts, cultured in a type I collagen 3D scaffold, were exposed to filling material and the respective root apex for 24 h. Cytocompatibility of the materials was evaluated using the methyl-thiazoldiphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The production of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One-way analysis of variance was performed, and when the F-ratios were significant, data were compared by Duncan’s multiple-range test. The alpha-type error was set at 0.05.

Results

EndoSeal, Endosequence BC Sealer and AH Plus showed cell viability that was similar to the negative control group (P > 0.05), while MTA Fillapex sealer was cytotoxic (P < 0.05). Varying production of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 was detected in all samples.

Conclusions

In an in vitro root canal filling model with 3D cell culture, AH Plus, EndoSeal, and EndoSequence BC Sealer were cytocompatible.

Clinical relevance

These results may suggest that AH Plus, EndoSeal and EndoSequence BC Sealer may achieve better biological response when compared to MTA Fillapex.

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Acknowledgments

Dr. Emmanuel JNL Silva is eligible with a JCNE grant from FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This study was partially funded by a FAPERJ grant E-26/010.001243/2015.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva

  2. Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva

  3. Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rua Herotides de Oliveira, 61/902, Icaraí, Niterói, RJ, Brazil

    Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva

  4. Department of Endontics, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Alexandre A. Zaia

  5. Department of Endodontics, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Ove A. Peters

Authors
  1. Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva
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  2. Alexandre A. Zaia
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Correspondence to Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

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da Silva, E.J.N.L., Zaia, A.A. & Peters, O.A. Cytocompatibility of calcium silicate-based sealers in a three-dimensional cell culture model. Clin Oral Invest 21, 1531–1536 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1918-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1918-9

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