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In-vitro activity of sodium-hypochlorite gel on bacteria associated with periodontitis

Clinical Oral Investigations volume 20, pages 2165–2173 (2016)Cite this article

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of a sodium hypochlorite formulation including its components against bacteria associated with periodontal disease.

Materials and methods

Sodium hypochlorite formulation (NaOCl gel), its components sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and the activating vehicle were compared with 0.1 % chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) solution. The antimicrobial activity was proven by determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentrations, and killing assays. Furthermore, the influence on formation as well as on a 4-day-old 6-species biofilm was tested.

Results

Except for one strain (Parvimonas micra ATCC 33270 in case of NaOCl gel), the MICs both of the CHX solution and NaOCl gel did not exceed 10 % of the formulations’ concentration. In general, MICs of the NaOCl gel were equal as of the CHX solution against Gram-negatives but higher against Gram-positive bacteria. CHX but not NaOCl gel clearly inhibited biofilm formation; however, the activity of NaOCl gel was more remarkable on a 4-day-old biofilm. NaOCl killed bacteria in the biofilm and interfered with the matrix.

Conclusions

The NaOCl gel acts antimicrobial in particular against Gram-negative species associated with periodontitis. Moreover, its component NaOCl hypochlorite is able to alter biofilm matrices.

Clinical relevance

The NaOCl gel may represent a potential alternative for adjunctive topical antimicrobial treatment in periodontitis.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Anna Magdon and Stéphanie Larti (Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern) for the technical assistance.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland

    Karolina Jurczyk, Anton Sculean & Sigrun Eick

  2. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

    Karolina Jurczyk

  3. Center of Electron Microscopy, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany

    Sandor Nietzsche & Claudia Ender

Authors
  1. Karolina Jurczyk
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  2. Sandor Nietzsche
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  3. Claudia Ender
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  4. Anton Sculean
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  5. Sigrun Eick
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sigrun Eick.

Ethics declarations

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Funding

This study was funded by by Regedent AG, Zurich, Switzerland.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Jurczyk, K., Nietzsche, S., Ender, C. et al. In-vitro activity of sodium-hypochlorite gel on bacteria associated with periodontitis. Clin Oral Invest 20, 2165–2173 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1711-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1711-9

Keywords

  • Sodium hypochlorite
  • Periodontal infection
  • Biofilm