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Clinical parameter of odontoma with special emphasis on treatment of impacted teeth—a retrospective multicentre study and literature review

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Abstract

Objectives

Odontoma—separated into complex (CxOD) and compound (CpOD) subtypes—represents the most frequent odontogenic malformation. Retention of permanent teeth is a common symptom. Therefore, in a series of odontomas, an analysis of the management of retained teeth was conducted.

Materials and methods

In a retrospective multicenter study of two University Medical Centers and one private praxis in Germany, demographic and clinical data regarding odontomas from 01/2000–03/2015 were obtained. In particular, the influence of operative therapy on the dentition and on the treatment of impacted teeth was analyzed.

Results

Forty-five patients with 15 CxOD and 30 CpOD were included. Initial symptoms were delayed eruption of permanent teeth (n = 11), pain (n = 4), and swellings (n = 2); 28 cases were discovered by incidence, all of them via panoramic radiographs. The mandible/maxilla ratio was about 1:0.55 (29/16). Thirty-five out of 45 odontomas were in close proximity of at least one tooth (n = 16 at molars). A total of 14 teeth were extracted (CxOD: n = 5; CpOD: n = 9). Extractions had to be conducted more often in older patients (mean age 39.8 vs. 25.6 years). Of the non-extracted teeth, 8 teeth were displaced and retained. Of those, 4 teeth were aligned in the dental arch via orthodontic help and 2 teeth erupted spontaneously after operation during the follow-up period. In all cases, no relapse was seen.

Conclusion

Odontomas can cause displacement as well as malformation and resorption of the adjacent teeth.

Clinical relevance

Mostly, removal of odontomas is conducted. Extirpation of odontoma can allow for normal tooth eruption, often rendering extractions avoidable. Orthodontic alignment, though sometimes challenging, is a reasonable therapeutic option. These findings underline the value of the panoramic radiograph in preventive dentistry in younger patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre of Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany

    Peer W. Kämmerer & Bernhard Frerich

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, HELIOS Clinic Schwerin, Schwerin, Germany

    Daniel Schneider & Sarah Schneider

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany

    Eik Schiegnitz & Christian Walter

  4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany

    Martin Kunkel

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  1. Peer W. Kämmerer
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  2. Daniel Schneider
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Correspondence to Peer W. Kämmerer.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Due to the retrospective nature of this study, no informed consent was needed and obtained from the patients.

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Peer W. Kämmerer and Daniel Schneider contributed equally to this study.

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Kämmerer, P.W., Schneider, D., Schiegnitz, E. et al. Clinical parameter of odontoma with special emphasis on treatment of impacted teeth—a retrospective multicentre study and literature review. Clin Oral Invest 20, 1827–1835 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1673-3

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