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Loss of cytokeratin 10 indicates malignant transformation in actinic cheilitis

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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship the expression of cytokeratins (CK10 and CK13) and the cell proliferation index determined by Ki-67 of lip squamous cell carcinoma and actinic cheilitis with different degrees of dysplasia.

Materials and methods

Forty-five paraffin-embedded actinic cheilitis with and without dysplasia and 20 lip squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using anti-human anti-CK10, anti-CK13, and anti-Ki-67 antibodies.

Results

The majority of actinic cheilitis showed immunopositivity for CK10 and CK13 with decrease or loss of expression in dysplastic areas. In lip squamous cell carcinoma of the lip, heterogeneous expression of CK13 and immunonegativity for CK10 were observed. There was a statistically significant difference between CK10 expression in lip squamous cell carcinoma and in actinic cheilitis with or without dysplasia (p < 0.001). The cell proliferation index was higher in actinic cheilitis with dysplasia and lip squamous cell carcinoma than in actinic cheilitis without epithelial dysplasia. A significant correlation was found between the intensity of the epithelial dysplasia and the cell proliferation index (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

These results provide evidence that there is a downregulation of CK10 expression in dysplastic areas of patients with actinic cheilitis and in those with lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and that the index of cell proliferation, determined by Ki-67, is directly correlated with the intensity of the epithelial dysplasia.

Clinical relevance

Altogether, these results suggest that CK10 expression and the epithelial cell proliferation index can help to identify malignant transformation in the lip region.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) and CNPq (N°:141641/2013-4) for supporting this study.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stomatology, Area of Pathology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 170120-901, Brazil

    Natália Galvão Garcia & Denise Tostes Oliveira

  2. Department of Community Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil

    José Roberto Pereira Lauris

  3. Department of Pathology, Botucatu School of Medicine, State University of São Paulo, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

    Maria Aparecida Custódio Domingues & Eliana Maria Minicucci

  4. Department of Pathology, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil

    Cléverson Teixeira Soares

Authors
  1. Natália Galvão Garcia
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  2. Denise Tostes Oliveira
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  3. José Roberto Pereira Lauris
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  4. Maria Aparecida Custódio Domingues
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  5. Eliana Maria Minicucci
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  6. Cléverson Teixeira Soares
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Natália Galvão Garcia or Denise Tostes Oliveira.

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Garcia, N.G., Oliveira, D.T., Lauris, J.R.P. et al. Loss of cytokeratin 10 indicates malignant transformation in actinic cheilitis. Clin Oral Invest 20, 745–752 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1557-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1557-6

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