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The effect of diluted triple and double antibiotic pastes on dental pulp stem cells and established Enterococcus faecalis biofilm

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Abstract

Objectives

To investigate the effect of various dilutions of antibiotic medicaments used in endodontic regeneration on the survival of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and to determine their antibacterial effect against established Enterococcus faecalis biofilm.

Materials and methods

The cytotoxic and antibacterial effects of different triple (TAP) and double antibiotic paste (DAP) dilutions (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 10 mg/ml) were tested against Enterococcus faecalis established biofilm and DPSC. Established bacterial biofilm were exposed to antibiotic dilutions for 3 days. Then, biofilms were collected, spiral plated, and the numbers of bacterial colony forming units (CFU/ml) were determined. For the cytotoxic effect, lactate dehydrogenase activity assays (LDH) and cell viability assays (WST-1) were used to measure the percentage of DPSC cytotoxicity after 3-day treatment with the same antibiotic dilutions. A general linear mixed model was used for statistical analyses (α = 0.05).

Results

All antibiotic dilutions significantly decreased the bacterial CFU/ml. For WST-1 assays, all antibiotic dilutions except 0.125 mg/ml significantly reduced the viability of DPSC. For LDH assays, the three lowest tested concentrations of DAP (0.5, 0.25, 0.125 mg/ml) and the two lowest concentrations of TAP (0.25 and 0.125 mg/ml) were non-toxic to DPSC.

Conclusions

All tested dilutions had an antibacterial effect against E. faecalis. However, 0.125 mg/ml of DAP and TAP showed a significant antibacterial effect with no cytotoxic effects on DPSCs.

Clinical relevance

Using appropriate antibiotic concentrations of intracanal medicament during endodontic regeneration procedures is critical to disinfect root canal and decrease the adverse effects on stem cells.

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Conflict of interest

WSG is consulting medical director of Cook General BioTechnology, LLC. The other authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Conservative Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

    Alaa H. A. Sabrah

  2. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Ghaeth H. Yassen, Wai-Ching Liu & Jeffrey A. Platt

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    W. Scott Goebel

  4. Department of Oral Biology, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Richard L. Gregory

Authors
  1. Alaa H. A. Sabrah
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  2. Ghaeth H. Yassen
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  3. Wai-Ching Liu
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  4. W. Scott Goebel
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  5. Richard L. Gregory
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  6. Jeffrey A. Platt
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Correspondence to Alaa H. A. Sabrah.

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Sabrah, A.H.A., Yassen, G.H., Liu, WC. et al. The effect of diluted triple and double antibiotic pastes on dental pulp stem cells and established Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Clin Oral Invest 19, 2059–2066 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1423-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1423-6

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