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TEGDMA and filler particles from dental composites additively attenuate LPS-induced cytokine release from the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7

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Abstract

Objectives

Due to incomplete curing and material degradation, cells in the oral cavity may be exposed to monomers and filler particles from dental composite fillings. The objective of the present study was to investigate if combined exposures to particles and a methacrylate monomer from composite fillings resulted in additive effects on the macrophage immune response.

Material and methods

Two filler particles, Nanosilica (12 nm) and Quartz (1 μm), were studied at concentrations 0.5–4 μg/cm2, while the methacrylate monomer triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) was applied at 5 and 50 μM. RAW 264.7 macrophages were exposed to monomers and/or particles for 24 h, with a subsequent 24 h combined exposure to monomers and/or particles and the bacterial factor lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate an immune response. Release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured as well as the cellular viability.

Results

Co-exposure to Nanosilica and Quartz resulted in an additive attenuation of the LPS-induced IL-1β release. Moreover, co-exposure to TEGDMA and both types of filler particles also resulted in an additive attenuation, although with a weak synergistic trend. The cellular viability and TNF-α release were not significantly affected by the exposures.

Conclusion

The present findings emphasize the necessity of considering effects of combined exposure to dental degradation products in future risk assessments.

Clinical relevance

Attenuated cytokine release could have implications for the macrophage immune response and result in impaired bacterial clearance. Further studies are necessary to determine implications for formation of dental biofilms and caries development.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nordic Institute of Dental Materials AS, PO Box 3874, Ullevaal Stadion, 0805, Oslo, Norway

    Gro H. Mathisen, Vibeke Ansteinsson, Jan T. Samuelsen, Jon E. Dahl & Anette K. Bølling

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 1068, Blinderen, 0316, Oslo, Norway

    Gro H. Mathisen

  3. Department of Clinical Dentistry — Biomaterials, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway

    Vibeke Ansteinsson

  4. Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway

    Rune Becher & Anette K. Bølling

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  1. Gro H. Mathisen
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  2. Vibeke Ansteinsson
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  3. Jan T. Samuelsen
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  4. Rune Becher
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Correspondence to Rune Becher.

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Mathisen, G.H., Ansteinsson, V., Samuelsen, J.T. et al. TEGDMA and filler particles from dental composites additively attenuate LPS-induced cytokine release from the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Clin Oral Invest 19, 61–69 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1212-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1212-7

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