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Characterization of maxillary central incisor: novel crown–root relationships

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Abstract

Objectives

The periodontal biotype includes crown features of the maxillary central incisor (MCI), whereas root measures have been less studied. The aim of our study was to morphologically characterize MCI and search relationships between crown and root measures.

Material and methods

One hundred-fifty MCIs were used. On each tooth, several crown and root reference points were marked and the following measures were done: On crown: mesio-distal (MD = major, md = minor), axial (crown length, cervical convexity) and buccolingual diameters (Cbl); On root: mesio-distal (Rmd) and buccolingual diameters (Rbl); and tooth length. A ratio between md and MD was made in order to assess dental forms. Root diameter prediction was assessed by means of multiple and single linear regression analyses, with variable selection by backward method. Reliability of measurements was estimated by the Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results

Dental form groups were: Stout type 56.67 %, Intermediate type 22.67 %, and Strangled type 20.67 %. A significative association was found between Rbl and Cbl (p = 0,000), Rmd with md (p = 0.000), and Rmd with MD (p = 0.000). The results allow predicting root diameters through crown measures.

Conclusions

There is a direct relationship between crown and root features, which allows the prediction of root diameters with a high accuracy (95 %), regardless of tooth form.

Clinical relevance

The morphometric data assess tooth diameters more accurately and could improve treatment planning, offering a more comprehensive approach to the periodontal biotype concept.

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Abbreviations

MCI:

Maxillary central incisor

TL:

Total length

CL:

Crown length

CC:

Cervical convexity

Cbl:

Crown buccolingual

MD:

Crown major mesio-distal diameter

md:

Crown minor mesio-distal diameter

Rmd:

Root mesio-distal diameter

Rbl:

Root buccolingual diameter

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express their gratitude to Prof. Pablo Lazos for their constructive comments and suggestions. Also, the authors greatly appreciate the dental specimens provided by Cátedra de Anatomía A (UNC). Lastly, this work could never have been accomplished without the devoted support of the library staff of the Odontology College (Cba).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cátedra de Clínica Estomatológica, Oral Pathology Department, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina

    Jerónimo P. Lazos

  2. Cátedra de Anatomía, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

    Luis F. Senn

  3. Cátedra de Biología, Oral Biology Department, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina

    Mabel N. Brunotto

  4. Avenida O’Higgins 2738, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina

    Jerónimo P. Lazos

Authors
  1. Jerónimo P. Lazos
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  2. Luis F. Senn
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  3. Mabel N. Brunotto
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luis F. Senn.

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Lazos, J.P., Senn, L.F. & Brunotto, M.N. Characterization of maxillary central incisor: novel crown–root relationships. Clin Oral Invest 18, 1561–1567 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-013-1142-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-013-1142-9

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