Abstract
The aims of this study were to compare measurements on three-dimensional (3D) models of human skulls derived from two different cone beam CT scanners (CBCT) and to evaluate if the used hardware can influence the performed measurements. CBCT scans of 40 dry human skulls with both the i-CAT™ and the Iluma™ cone beam CT scanners were made. From the CBCT scans, 3D models were constructed. One operator identified 19 landmarks five times on both types of 3D models with a time interval of 1 week. Intra-observer reliability was high for most measurements. There was a statistically significant and clinically relevant difference for some measurements between constructed 3D models of the same skull from the two different CBCT devices. Used hardware for scanning might influence the measurements performed. This means that care should be taken when interpreting measurements made on CBCT 3D models derived from different CBCT devices.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Broadbent BH (1931) A new X-ray technique and its application to orthodontia. Angle Orthod 1:45–66
Hofrath H (1931) Bedeutung der Röntgenfern und Abstands Aufnahme für die Diagnostik der Kieferanomalien. Fortschr Orthod 1:231–258
Rangel FA, Maal TJ, Bergé SJ, van Vlijmen OJ, Plooij JM, Schutyser F, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM (2008) Integration of digital dental casts in 3-dimensional facial photographs. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 134:820–826
Silva MA, Wolf U, Heinicke F, Bumann A, Visser H, Hirsch E (2008) Cone-beam computed tomography for routine orthodontic treatment planning: a radiation dose evaluation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 133(640):e1–e5
Hajeer MY, Ayoub AF, Millett DT, Bock M, Siebert JP (2002) Three-dimensional imaging in orthognathic surgery: the clinical application of a new method. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg 17:318–330
Swennen GRJ, Schutyser F (2007) Three-dimensional virtual approach to diagnosis and treatment planning of maxillo-facial deformity. In: Bell WH, Guerrero CA (eds) Distraction Osteogenesis of the Facial Skeleton. BC Decker Inc, Hamilton, pp 55–79
Ludlow JB, Davies-Ludlow LE, Brooks SL, Howerton WB (2006) Dosimetry of 3 CBCT devices for oral and maxillofacial radiology: CB Mercuray, NewTom 3G and I-CAT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 35:219–226
Ludlow JB, Ivanovic M (2008) Comparative dosimetry of dental CBCT devices and 64-slice CT for oral and maxillofacial radiology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 106:106–114
Greiner M, Greiner A, Hirschfelder U (2007) Variance of landmarks in digital evaluations: comparison between CT-based and conventional digital lateral cephalometric radiographs. J Orofac Orthop 68:290–298
Kumar V, Ludlow JB, Mol A, Cevidanes L (2007) Comparison of conventional and cone beam CT synthesized cephalograms. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 36:263–269
Moshiri M, Scarfe WC, Hilgers ML, Scheetz JP, Silveira AM, Farman AG (2007) Accuracy of linear measurements from imaging plate and lateral cephalometric images derived from cone-beam computed tomography. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 132:550–560
Van Vlijmen OJC, Bergé SJ, Bronkhorst EM, Swennen GRJ, Katsaros C, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM (2009) Comparison of cephalometric radiographs obtained from cone-beam computed tomography scans and conventional radiographs. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67:92–97
Cattaneo PM, Bloch CB, Calmar D, Hjortshoj M, Melsen B (2008) Comparison between conventional and cone-beam computed tomography-generated cephalograms. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 134:798–802
van Vlijmen OJ, Bergé SJ, Bronkhorst EM, Swennen GR, Katsaros C, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM (2009) A comparison of frontal radiographs obtained from cone beam CT scans and conventional frontal radiographs of human skulls. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 38:773–778
van Vlijmen OJ, Maal TJ, Bergé SJ, Bronkhorst EM, Katsaros C, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM (2009) A comparison between two-dimensional and three-dimensional cephalometry on frontal radiographs and on cone beam computed tomography scans of human skulls. Eur J Oral Sci 117:300–305
van Vlijmen OJ, Maal TJ, Bergé SJ, Bronkhorst EM, Katsaros C, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM (2010) A comparison between 2D and 3D cephalometry on CBCT scans of human skulls. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 39:156–160
Houston WJ (1983) The analysis of errors in orthodontic measurements. Am J Orthod 83:382–390
Grauer D, Cevidanes LS, Styner MA, Heulfe I, Harmon ET, Zhu H, Proffit WR (2010) Accuracy and landmark error calculation using cone-beam computed tomography-generated cephalograms. Angle Orthod 80:286–294
Lou L, Lagravere MO, Compton S, Major PW, Flores-Mir C (2007) Accuracy of measurements and reliability of landmark identification with computed tomography (CT) techniques in the maxillofacial area: a systematic review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 104:402–411
Muramatsu A, Nawa H, Kimura M, Yoshida K, Maeda M, Katsumata A, Ariji E, Goto S (2008) Reproducibility of maxillofacial anatomic landmarks on 3-dimensional computed tomographic images determined with the 95% confidence ellipse method. Angle Orthod 78:396–402
Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank Diana de Groot, Kennemer Gasthuis Haarlem, for her help with the data acquisition.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
van Vlijmen, O.J.C., Rangel, F.A., Bergé, S.J. et al. Measurements on 3D models of human skulls derived from two different cone beam CT scanners. Clin Oral Invest 15, 721–727 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-010-0440-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-010-0440-8