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Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 on the osseointegration of dental implants: a biomechanics study

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Abstract

Background

Bone augmentation procedures in combination with dental implants enhance osseointegration in areas that demonstrate localized bone deficit. Clinical confirmation of a biomechanically stable interface is essential for functional implant loading.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate biomechanically the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 on implant osseointegration and correlate it with periotest and radiographic measurements.

Materials and methods

Hollow cylinder implants were filled with absorbable collagen sponge soaked with rhBMP-2 or left empty and implanted in dog mandibles. The animals were followed for 4, 8, and 12 weeks, periotest assessment was performed at the end of each time interval, and specimens were collected for pullout biomechanical testing and radiographic evaluation of bone-implant contact levels.

Results

Periotest assessment did not provide evidence of statistically significant differences between the two groups and correlated well with the radiographic bone-implant contact levels. The pullout test revealed a higher correlation between force/displacement and displacement/energy for the experimental group, suggesting that the addition of rhBMP-2 did influence the rate of osseointegration.

Conclusion

The results from the pullout test support the potential role of rhBMP-2 in clinical applications by promoting a biomechanically mature interface at 12 weeks. However, radiographic and periotest assessment of the bone-implant interface did not provide evidence of the differences observed with biomechanical testing.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Reena M. Talwar in the surgical sessions of this project and wish to thank Drs. Ulf M.E. Wikesjo and John M. Wozney for their suggestions and advice. The help of Rachel G. Sorensen with research coordination is also appreciated. All ITI products used in this study were the generous donation of Dr. James P. Simpson, Institut Straumann AG, Switzerland. This study was sponsored by Genetics Institute Inc., Andover, Mass., USA, and the Departments of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology and of Biomedical Sciences at Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental School, Athens University, Athens, Greece

    Nikitas Sykaras

  2. School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wis., USA

    Anthony M. Iacopino

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A and M University System, Health Science Center, Dallas, Tex., USA

    Robert G. Triplett

  4. Consultant, Denver, Colo., USA

    Victoria A. Marker

  5. Nikis 25 Str., Marousi 15125, Athens, Greece

    Nikitas Sykaras

Authors
  1. Nikitas Sykaras
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  2. Anthony M. Iacopino
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  3. Robert G. Triplett
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  4. Victoria A. Marker
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Correspondence to Nikitas Sykaras.

Additional information

This project is part of a dissertation prepared in partial fulfillment of Dr. Sykaras’ requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

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Sykaras, N., Iacopino, A.M., Triplett, R.G. et al. Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 on the osseointegration of dental implants: a biomechanics study. Clin Oral Invest 8, 196–205 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-004-0270-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-004-0270-7

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