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Routing with multi-level cross-community social groups in mobile opportunistic networks

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Abstract

Mobile opportunistic networks (MONs) are intermittently connected networks, such as pocket switched networks formed by human-carried mobile devices. Routing in MONs is very challenging as it must handle network partitioning, long delays, and dynamic topology. Flooding is a possible solution but with high costs. Most existing routing methods for MONs avoid the costly flooding by selecting one or multiple relays to deliver data during each encounter. How to pick the “good” relay from all encounters is a non-trivial task. To achieve efficient delivery of messages at low costs, in this paper, we propose a novel group-based routing protocol in which the relay node is selected based on multi-level cross-community social group information. We apply a simple group formation method to both historical encounters (social relationships in physical world) and/or social profiles of mobile users (social relationships in social world) and build multi-level cross-community social groups, which summarize the wide range of social relationships among all mobile participants. Our simulations over several real-life data sets demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing it with several existing MON routing schemes.

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Acknowledgments

The work of F. Li is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 60903151, Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant 4122070 and Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry. The work of Y. Wang is supported in part by the US National Science Foundation under Grant No. CNS-0915331 and CNS-1050398.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China

    Fan Li, Lunan Zhao, Chao Zhang & Zhenmin Gao

  2. Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA

    Yu Wang

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  1. Fan Li
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  2. Lunan Zhao
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  3. Chao Zhang
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  4. Zhenmin Gao
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  5. Yu Wang
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Correspondence to Fan Li or Yu Wang.

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Li, F., Zhao, L., Zhang, C. et al. Routing with multi-level cross-community social groups in mobile opportunistic networks. Pers Ubiquit Comput 18, 385–396 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-013-0657-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-013-0657-z

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