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Untreated osteoporosis and higher FRAX as risk factors for tooth loss: a 5-year prospective study

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Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

Studies have shown that an impaired bone condition, represented by osteoporosis and increased fracture risk, may potentially aggravate periodontal disease and, consequently, the risk of tooth loss. This 5-year prospective study aimed to investigate whether systemic bone condition represents risk factor for tooth loss due to periodontal disease amongst elderly women.

Material and methods

Seventy-four participants, aged ≥ 65 years, who attended the 5-years recall for periodontal evaluation were involved. Baseline exposures were osteoporosis and fracture risk probabilities (FRAX). Women were grouped according to bone mineral density (BMD) and years of bone treatment for osteoporosis. The primary outcome at a 5-year follow-up was the number of tooth loss due to periodontal disease. Periodontitis staging and grading, and causes of tooth loss were recorded.

Results

The multivariate Poisson regression models showed that women with untreated/shortly treated osteoporosis were 4 times more likely to present higher number of tooth loss due to periodontal disease than those with normal BMD or treated for ≥ 3 years (risk ratio (RR) = 4.00, 95% CI 1.40–11.27). Higher FRAX was also linked to tooth loss (RR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.02–1.53). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve suggested that women with history of ≥ 1 tooth losses have higher chances of worse major FRAX (sensitivity = 72.2%; specificity = 72.2%).

Conclusion

In this 5-year study, higher FRAX and untreated osteoporosis were risk factors for tooth loss. Women with normal BMD or treated for osteoporosis for ≥ 3 years did not show increased risk. Management of skeletal conditions should be emphasized with periodontal care for the prevention of tooth loss in elderly women.

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Funding

This study was not funded.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Dentistry, Brazilian Navy, Hospital Naval de Brasília, SEPS Q 711/911, Federal District, Asa Sul, Brasília, DF, 70390-115, Brazil

    Daniela Cia Penoni

  2. Division of Periodontics, Department of Dental Clinic, Dental School, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 325, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-617, Brazil

    Daniela Cia Penoni & Anna Thereza Thomé Leão

  3. Department of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, Dental School, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 325, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-617, Brazil

    Sandra Regina Torres

  4. Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av. Limeira, 901, Postal 52, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil

    Matheus L. Oliveira

  5. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho Hospital, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-617, Brazil

    Maria Lucia Fleiuss Farias

  6. Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 25, 4630, Kristiansand, Norway

    Mario Vianna Vettore

Authors
  1. Daniela Cia Penoni
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  2. Sandra Regina Torres
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  3. Matheus L. Oliveira
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  4. Maria Lucia Fleiuss Farias
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  5. Mario Vianna Vettore
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  6. Anna Thereza Thomé Leão
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Contributions

DCP, SRT and ATTL: made substantial contributions to the conception and design of the study. DCP, MLO, MVV and MLFF: contributed to acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data. DCP: drafted the manuscript. SRT, MLO, MLFF, MVV and ATTL: contributed to revising the article critically for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final version of the article to be published.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniela Cia Penoni.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Daniela Cia Penoni, Sandra Regina Torres, Matheus Lima Oliveira, Maria Lucia Fleiuss Farias, Mario Vianna Vettore and Anna Thereza Thomé Leão declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

Our study was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received ethical approval by Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Research Ethics Committee, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, protocol 3.469.969.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Penoni, D.C., Torres, S.R., Oliveira, M.L. et al. Untreated osteoporosis and higher FRAX as risk factors for tooth loss: a 5-year prospective study. J Bone Miner Metab 41, 727–737 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-023-01451-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-023-01451-w

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