Skip to main content
Log in

A proposal of reliability-based design formats for ultimate hull girder strength checks for bulk carriers under combined global and local loadings

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Marine Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to provide a basis for the development of reliability-based design formats for ultimate hull girder strength checks for bulk carriers in hogging conditions under combined global and local loading and to estimate implied safety levels in current rule practices for hull girders. The effect of alternative definitions of characteristic still-water loads on the safety format and, hence, the safety factors is assessed. The effect of systematic (bias) model uncertainties associated with loads and strength on the reliability measures is investigated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. JBP (2006) IACS-CSR BC, common structural rules for bulk carriers. Technical backgrounds. IACS, London

  2. JTP (2006) IACS-CSR OT, common structural rules for double hull oil tankers. Background document, Section 9—Design Verification. IACS, London

  3. Mansour AE, Jan HY, Zigelman CI, Chen YN, Harding SJ (1984) Implementation of reliability methods to marine structures. Trans SNAME 92:353–382

    Google Scholar 

  4. Guedes Soares C, Moan T (1985) Uncertainty analysis and code calibration of the primary load effects in ship structures. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability (ICOSSAR’85), Kobe, Japan, May 1985. IASSAR, New York, pp 501–512

  5. Rizzuto E (1999) Calibration of a partial safety factor format for the verification of the ship’s longitudinal strength. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering (OMAE 1999), St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada, July 1999

  6. Mansour AE, Wirsching PH, McGovney J, Mushtaq S (2002) Development of reliability based classification rules for tankers. Report to ABS, Houston

  7. Spencer JS, Wirsching PH, Wang X, Mansour AE (2003) Developments of reliability based classification rules for tankers. In: Proceedings of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Annual Meeting, San Francisco, California, October 2003

  8. Amlashi HKK, Moan T (2009) Ultimate strength analysis of a bulk carrier hull girder under alternate hold loading condition, part 2: stress distribution in the double bottom and simplified approaches. Mar Struct 22(3):522–544

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Det Norske Veritas (2006) DNV rules for ships, Det Norske Veritas

  10. Moan T (1995) Safety levels across different types of structural forms and materials—implicit in codes for offshore structures. SINTEF report, Trondheim, Norway, issued for ISO TC67/SC7

  11. Guedes Soares C (1984) Probabilistic models for load effects in ship structures. PhD thesis, report no. UR-84-38, Division of Marine Structures, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway

  12. Guedes Soares C, Moan T (1988) Statistical analysis of still-water load effects on ship structures. Trans SNAME 96:129–156

    Google Scholar 

  13. Guedes Soares C, Dogliani M (2000) Probabilistic modelling of time-varying still-water load effects in tankers. Mar Struct 13:129–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Moan T, Shu Z, Drummen I, Amlashi HKK (2006) Comparative reliability analysis of ships—considering different ship types and the effect of ship operations on loads. Trans SNAME 114:16–54

    Google Scholar 

  15. Moan T (2004) Safety of offshore structures. Keynote lecture. In: Proceedings of the 9th Symposium on Practical Design of Ships and Other Floating Structures (PRADS 2004), Lübeck-Travemünde, Germany, September 2004, published by STG, Hamburg, Germany, vol 1, pp 10–38

  16. IACS (1989) UR S11. Wave-induced bending of the hull girder. IACS, London

  17. Rizzuto E (2006) Uncertainties in still-water loads of tankers and bulkers. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Ship and Shipping Research (NAV 2006), CETENA, Genova, Italy, June 2006

  18. IACS (2000) Recommendations no. 34, Standard Wave Data

  19. Guedes Soares C, Moan T (1991) Model uncertainty in the long-term distribution of wave-induced bending moments for fatigue design of ship structures. Mar Struct 4:295–315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Bitner-Gregersen EM, Cramer EH, Korbijn F (1995) Environmental description for long-term load response. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE), The Hague, The Netherlands, June 1995, vol IV

  21. Shu Z, Moan T (2008) Wave pressure distributions along the midship transverse section of a VLCC. In: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering (OMAE 2008), Estoril, Portugal, June 2008

  22. Wolfram J, Linfoot B, Stansell P (2000) Long- and short-term extreme wave statistics in the North Sea: 1994–1998. In: Proceedings of Rogue Waves 2000, Brest, France, November 2000, pp 341–347

  23. Haver S, Anderson OJ (2000) Freak waves: rare realizations of a typical population or typical realization of a rare population? In: Proceedings of the 10th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE), Seattle, USA, May/June 2000, vol 3, pp 123–130

  24. Shu Z, Moan T (2006) Effects of avoidance of heavy weather on the wave induced load on ships. In: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering (OMAE 2006), Hamburg, Germany, June 2006

  25. Faltinsen OM (1990) Sea loads on ships and offshore structures. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  26. Jensen JJ, Beck RF, Du S et al (2000) Report of ISSC Committee VI.1. Extreme hull girder loading. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress (ISSC), Nagasaki, Japan, October 2000

  27. Huang W, Moan T (2008) Analytical method of combining global longitudinal loads for ocean-going ships. Prob Eng Mech 23:64–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Yao T et al (2000) Report of special task committee VI.2. Ultimate hull girder strength. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress (ISSC), Nagasaki, Japan, October 2000, pp 321–391

  29. Moan T, Amlashi HKK, Dong G (2005) Critical assessment of ultimate hull girder capacity of ships from a reliability analysis point of view. In: Proceedings of the International Maritime Association of the Mediterranean (IMAM) Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, September 2005

  30. Ozguc O, Das PK, Barltrop NDP (2005) A proposed method to evaluate hull girder ultimate strength. Ships Offshore Struct 1:335–345

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Qi ER, Cui WC, Wan ZQ (2005) Comparative study of ultimate hull girder strength of large double hull tankers. Mar Struct 18:227–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Moan T, Das P, Friis-Hansen P, Gu X, Hovem L, Parmentier G, Shigemi T, Spencer J (2006) Reliability based structural design and code development. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress (ISSC), Southampton, United Kingdom, August 2006

  33. Amlashi HKK, Moan T (2008) Ultimate strength analysis of a bulk carrier hull girder under alternate hold loading condition, part 1: nonlinear finite element modelling and ultimate hull girder capacity. Mar Struct 21(4):327–352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Frieze PA et al (1991) Report of ISSC committee V.1. Applied design. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress (ISSC), Wuxi, China, September 1991, Elsevier, London

  35. Østvold TK, Steen E., Holtsmark G (2004) Nonlinear strength analyses of a bulk carrier—a case study. In: Proceedings of the 9th Symposium on Practical Design of Ships and Other Floating Structures (PRADS 2004), Lübeck-Travemünde, Germany, September 2004, published by STG, Hamburg, Germany

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Zhi Shu and Ingo Drummen for their cooperation and constructive comments, especially regarding wave-induced and still-water loads, respectively.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hadi K. K. Amlashi.

About this article

Cite this article

Amlashi, H.K.K., Moan, T. A proposal of reliability-based design formats for ultimate hull girder strength checks for bulk carriers under combined global and local loadings. J Mar Sci Technol 16, 51–67 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-010-0114-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-010-0114-x

Keywords

Navigation