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Stellenwert interventioneller endoskopischer Verfahren

The role of interventional endoscopy

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Die Onkologie Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die Möglichkeiten der interventionellen Endoskopie haben in den letzten Jahrzehnten rasante Fortschritte erzielt. Auch in der palliativen Therapie haben sich durch neue endoskopische Methoden deutliche Verbesserungen ergeben. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die interventionellen endoskopischen Möglichkeiten, aber auch Grenzen bei Malignomen des Gastrointestinaltrakts. In der Regel handelt es sich um Eingriffe, bei denen mittels Stents die natürliche Passage des Magendarmtrakts oder der Gallenwege wiederhergestellt wird. Technische Weiterentwicklungen, insbesondere endosonographische Techniken, haben neue Zugangswege und Therapieansätze ermöglicht. Auch ablative Verfahren wie die Radiofrequenzablation im Gallengang kommen im palliativen Setting zum Einsatz. Um die klinische Entscheidungsfindung zu ermöglichen, werden die unterschiedlichen Verfahren im Kontext ihrer Wirksamkeit, Risiken und Grenzen beschrieben.

Abstract

Interventional endoscopy has seen significant progress during recent decades. Also in palliative medicine have these advances improved the endoscopic treatment modalities for tumor patients. This article aims to provide an overview of interventional endoscopic techniques but also highlight their limitations in gastrointestinal cancer. In most cases, stents are used to restore intestinal passage or biliary flow. Technical advances, particularly in endosonography, have enabled new access routes for biliary drainage and gastric outlet obstruction. Furthermore, ablative techniques such as radiofrequency ablation are routinely used in inoperable palliative patients with biliary stenosis. In order to enable clinical decision-making, the various methods are described in the context of their effectiveness, risks, and limitations.

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Correspondence to Jochen Wedemeyer.

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J. Wedemeyer gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Wedemeyer, J. Stellenwert interventioneller endoskopischer Verfahren. Onkologie (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-024-01500-7

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