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Panelsequenzierung in der Kopf-Hals-Onkologie am Beispiel von sinunasalen und Speicheldrüsenmalignomen

Panel sequencing in head and neck oncology: Sinonasal and salivary gland malignancies as an example

  • Leitthema
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Die Onkologie Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Infolge der zunehmend eingeführten innovativen molekularen Technologien erlebte die Pathologie der Speicheldrüsenkarzinome und der sinunasalen Karzinome in den letzten 2 Jahrzehnten eine revolutionierende dynamische Evolution.

Ziel

Mit der Einführung der molekularen Tumorboards in der Kopf-Hals-Pathoonkologie stellt sich zunehmend die Frage, welche Entitäten/Patienten für eine Panelsequenzierung in Betracht kommen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit liegt darin, diese Frage im Hinblick auf aktuelle Entwicklungen und in Bezug auf die aktuelle Klassifikation der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) zu erörtern.

Material und Methoden

Diese Übersicht basiert auf einer selektiven Literaturrecherche (PubMed) zu den Themen Speicheldrüsenmalignome, Sinunasalkarzinome und zielgerichtete Therapien wie auch auf eigenen Daten und Beobachtungen der Autoren.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung

Durch neue Entwicklungen bei der Differenzialdiagnostik von Malignomen der Speicheldrüsen und Sinunasalorgane wurden manche alten Konzeptionen neu definiert, neue Konzepte eingeführt und manche alten Entitäten molekular besser definiert. Diese Entwicklungen haben sowohl Einfluss auf die Diagnostik (sie ermöglichen eine verfeinerte, oft molekular basierte Klassifikation bislang unklassifizierter Neoplasien) als auch auf die Therapie (sie ermöglichen eine bessere histologieorientierte Therapiestratifikation und gelten z. T. als Biomarker für zielgerichtete Therapien).

Abstract

Background

As a result of the increasing implementation of innovative molecular technologies during the last two decades, the pathology of salivary gland carcinomas and sinonasal carcinomas has witnessed a tremendous revolution.

Aim

With the introduction of molecular tumor boards as a central opportunity exploring the possibility of actionable molecular targets in head and neck oncology, the question has been frequently raised as to which entities/patients might represent good or best candidates for OncoPanel sequencing in the context of these regularly implemented molecular tumor boards. The main aim of this review is to address this question considering recent developments and in context of the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification.

Materials and methods

This review is based on a selective literature search (PubMed) using the terms salivary gland malignancy, sinonasal carcinoma and targeted therapies as well as the authors’ own data and observations.

Results and conclusion

As a result of several recent seminal studies on salivary and sinonasal carcinomas, some old concepts have been reconceptualized, some new concepts introduced, and some old, established entities became better defined molecularly. These achievements have influenced not only diagnostics (they enable a much refined, mostly molecular-based classification of many entities that were previously unclassified) but they also have a significant therapeutic impact (they enable better histology-tailored therapeutic stratification, at the same time some of them represent valuable biomarkers predicting response to targeted therapies).

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  1. Pathologisches Institut, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 8–10, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland

    Abbas Agaimy & Sarina K. Müller

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  1. Abbas Agaimy
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Correspondence to Abbas Agaimy.

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A. Agaimy und S.K. Müller geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Agaimy, A., Müller, S.K. Panelsequenzierung in der Kopf-Hals-Onkologie am Beispiel von sinunasalen und Speicheldrüsenmalignomen. Onkologie 29, 29–37 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-022-01270-0

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