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Hämatologische Neoplasien in der Schwangerschaft

Hematologic neoplasia during pregnancy

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Zusammenfassung

Hämatologische Neoplasien stellen in der Schwangerschaft eine diagnostische und therapeutische Herausforderung dar und bedürfen eines interdisziplinären Therapievorgehens. Die häufigsten hämatologischen Malignome in der Schwangerschaft sind Hodgkin-Lymphome, hoch maligne Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome und akute Leukämien. Die Heilungsaussichten für die Mutter sind oft von einer konsequent durchgeführten intensiven Chemotherapie abhängig. Dabei sollte eine Chemotherapie wenn möglich bis zum Beginn des 2. Trimenons hinausgezögert werden, wenn die Organogenese bereits abgeschlossen ist. Im 1. Trimenon kann eine Chemotherapie zu einem Spontanabort führen oder die Rate an Fehlbildungen signifikant erhöhen. Im 2. und 3. Trimenon kann eine zytostatische Behandlung oft mit hinreichender Sicherheit durchgeführt werden, gleichwohl besteht ein erhöhtes fetales Risiko. Es ist wichtig, das potenzielle fetale Risiko mit dem mütterlichen Risiko einer unbehandelten Neoplasie abzuwägen.

Abstract

The management of hematologic malignancies during pregnancy presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges requiring an interdisciplinary approach. The most common hematologic neoplasias in pregnancy include Hodgkin’s disease, aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and acute leukemia. A cure for the mother often depends on the consistent administration of intensive chemotherapy regimens. Whenever possible, treatment should be deferred until the second trimester after the completion of organogenesis. Chemotherapy during the first trimester can induce a spontaneous abortion or significantly increase the risk of congenital malformations. During the second and third trimester chemotherapy can be administered with reasonable safety although an increased fetal risk will remain. It is important to balance the potential fetal risk against the maternal risk of an untreated neoplasia.

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Correspondence to F.S. Oduncu MA, EMB, MBA.

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Adam, C., Oduncu, F. Hämatologische Neoplasien in der Schwangerschaft. Onkologe 18, 344–350 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-012-2210-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-012-2210-5

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