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Molekularpathologische Analyse des K-RAS-Mutationsstatus beim metastasierten kolorektalen Karzinom

Ein Beispiel prädiktiver Pathologie

Molecular pathologic analysis of the K-RAS mutation status of metastasised colorectal carcinoma

An example of predictive pathology

  • Aktuelle Therapie
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Zusammenfassung

In der aktuellen Krebstherapie spielt die Prädiktion des Ansprechens maligner Tumoren auf zielgerichtete Medikamente eine zunehmend größere Rolle. Dies bedeutet, dass im Tumorgewebe molekularpathologisch das Zielmolekül bzw. dessen Aktivität durch den Pathologen prätherapeutisch bestimmt werden muss. Seit Anfang 2008 gilt das auch für das metastasierte kolorektale Karzinom (mCRC). Im Falle einer geplanten Therapie mit dem neu zugelassenen Anti-EGFR-Antikörper Panitumumab (Vectibix®) muss vor dessen Applikation analysiert werden, ob im Kirsten-RAS- (K-RAS-)Onkogen eine Mutation und damit eine „Daueraktivierung“ oder der Wildtyp vorliegt. Diese Untersuchung erfolgt an formalinfixiertem, paraffineingebettetem Gewebe der Pathologie und sollte präferenziell in Instituten mit Erfahrung in der qualitätsgesicherten molekularpathologischen Diagnostik durchgeführt werden. Sie ist auf Weisung der Zulassungsbehörde zwingend vorgeschrieben, da die Therapie nur bei Vorliegen des Wildtyps gerechtfertigt ist.

Abstract

Prediction of the response of malignant tumors to target-oriented drugs plays an ever-increasing role in current cancer treatment. This means that prior to therapy the target molecule or its activity must be detected by molecular pathologic methods in tumor tissue by the pathologist. This has now been established for metastasised colorectal carcinomas (mCRC) since the beginning of 2008. In cases of planned therapy with the newly approved anti-EGFR antibody panitumumab (Vectibix®), it must first be investigated whether a mutation in the Kirsten-RAS (K-RAS) oncogene, and therefore permanent activation, or the wild-type is present before administration. This investigation is carried out on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue from the pathology department and should be performed preferentially by institutes with experience in quality-controlled molecular diagnostic. The investigation is strictly stipulated on the instructions of the licensing authorities because this therapy is only justified in the presence of the wild-type.

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Correspondence to M. Dietel.

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Dietel, M., Tannapfel, A., Baretton, G. et al. Molekularpathologische Analyse des K-RAS-Mutationsstatus beim metastasierten kolorektalen Karzinom. Onkologe 14, 405–408 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-008-1367-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-008-1367-4

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