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Neue Konzepte und Substanzen zur Radiosensibilisierung

New concepts and substances for radiosensitization

  • Leitthema
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Der Onkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die Entwicklung neuer Therapieformen im Bereich der kombinierten Radiochemotherapie ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Grundlagenforschung und angewandten Radiobiologieforschung. Ionisierende Strahlung schädigt nicht nur die DNA, sondern induziert ein breites Spektrum an Stressantworten in der bestrahlten Zelle und im Tumor, die unabhängig von der eigentlichen DNA-Schädigung auftreten. Nun stellen sowohl Signalkaskaden, die von der DNA-Schädigung ausgehen, als auch biologische Prozesse, die entfernt von der DNA durch ionisierende Strahlung induziert werden, neue Zielstrukturen für hoch spezifische Substanzen dar, um die Zelle für die ionisierende Strahlung zu sensibilisieren. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden neue Konzepte anhand der klassischen „4 R“ der Radiobiologie vorgestellt und diskutiert.

Abstract

A tremendous effort in basic and translational radiobiological research exists to identify new treatment modalities using ionizing radiation in combination with novel anticancer agents. Ionizing radiation not only damages DNA, but also affects multiple cellular components that induce a multi-layered stress response. These treatment responses can be restricted to the individual cell level but could also be part of an intercellular stress communication network. Both DNA damage induced signaling (which results in cell cycle arrest and the induction of the DNA repair machinery) and also ionizing radiation induced signal transduction cascades, which are generated at cellular sites distant from and independent of DNA damage, represent interesting targets for anticancer treatment modalities for sensitization to ionizing radiation. In this review, we describe current approaches for sensitizing tumor cells with novel anticancer agents along the lines of the classical 4 R’s of radiobiology.

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  1. Labor für Molekulare Radiobiologie, Klinik für Radio-Onkologie, Universitätsspital Zürich, 8091, Zürich, Schweiz

    M. Pruschy

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  1. M. Pruschy
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Correspondence to M. Pruschy.

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Pruschy, M. Neue Konzepte und Substanzen zur Radiosensibilisierung. Onkologe 13, 263–268 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-007-1187-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-007-1187-y

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