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Immuntherapie urologischer Tumoren

Immunotherapy of urologic tumors

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Der Onkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die 3 häufigsten urologischen Malignome sind das Prostatakarzinom, das Harnblasenkarzinom und das Nierenzellkarzinom. Das mittlere Alter bei Diagnose liegt in vielen Fällen zwischen 60 und 70 Jahren. Alle 3 Malignome sind bei organbegrenztem Wachstum prinzipiell durch eine operative Therapie heilbar. Bei Vorliegen von Metastasen wird die Prognose deutlich schlechter und liegt hinsichtlich des mittleren Überlebens bei 5 Jahren für das Prostatakarzinom bzw. 12–15 Monaten für das Harnblasenkarzinom und das Nierenzellkarzinom.

Immuntherapien urologischer Tumoren sind weit verbreitet. So gehören die unspezifische Therapie mittels BCG beim Harnblasenkarzinom bzw. die Zytokintherapie mittels Interferon-α und/oder Interleukin-2 beim Nierenzellkarzinom zum Standard. Andere Verfahren wie die Antikörper- oder Vakzinetherapie sind oder werden in Phase-III-Studien untersucht.

In folgender Übersichtsarbeit werden Ergebnisse zur Immuntherapie des Prostatakarzinoms, Harnblasenkarzinoms und Nierenzellkarzinoms vorgestellt.

Abstract

The three most frequent urological malignant tumors are prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and kidney cancer. The mean age at diagnosis is between 60 and 70 years in many cases. All three tumors are in principle curable as long as they are organ confined. In the case of metastases, the prognosis becomes significantly worse with a mean survival of 5 years for prostate cancer and 12–15 months for bladder cancer and kidney cancer, respectively.

Immunotherapeutic concepts are common in urology. Unspecific approaches such as BCG therapy in bladder cancer or cytokine therapy with interferon-α and/or interleukin-2 in kidney cancer are standard treatments. Other approaches such as antibody or vaccine therapy have been investigated or are under investigation in phase III studies.

In this literature review results of immunotherapy in prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and kidney cancer are presented.

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Lübeck

    C. Doehn, I. Kausch & D. Jocham

  2. Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck

    C. Doehn

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Doehn, C., Kausch, I. & Jocham, D. Immuntherapie urologischer Tumoren. Onkologe 11, 536–553 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-005-0876-7

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