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Immuntherapie gastrointestinaler Tumoren

Immunotherapy for gastrointestinal tumours

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Onkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die kritische Auswertung der innerhalb der letzten Jahre erarbeiteten Daten zur Immuntherapie des Magen- und des kolorektalen Karzinoms eröffnet Möglichkeiten, das Wachstum und die metastatische Dissemination dieser Tumoren immunologisch zu modifizieren. Die molekulare Charakterisierung tumorassoziierter Antigene (TAA) schreitet schnell voran. Damit erweitert sich das Spektrum potenzieller Ziele einer Immuntherapie und schafft die Möglichkeit, moderne Techniken zum Monitoring der gegen sie gerichteten Antikörper und T-Zell-Antworten anzuwenden. Somit sind die Untersuchungen zur Immuntherapie auf diesem Gebiet als Erfolg zu werten. Dennoch sind die klinischen Fortschritte sowohl für das Magen- wie auch für das kolorektale Karzinom begrenzt. Erfahrungen aus der Melanomvakzinierung, die Entwicklung neuer Generationen wirkungsvollerer Antitumorvakzine, neuer Adjuvantien (dendritische Zellen: DC, Hitzeschockprotein: HSP) und chemisch modifizierter antigener Peptide weisen aber den Weg zu einer verbesserten Immuntherapie durch Verstärkung der tumoreigenen Immunogenität. Eine Chance könnte hierbei insbesondere in der T-Zell-basierten Immuntherapie liegen.

Abstract

A critical evaluation of immunotherapeutic data on stomach and colorectal carcinoma acquired over the last several years has provided some support for new strategies allowing immunological modification of the growth and metastatic dissemination of these tumors. Moreover, the molecular characterization of tumor associated antigens expressed by stomach and colorectal carcinomas is rapidly progressing, expanding the spectrum of potential targets on cancer cells recognized by the immune system, and allowing researchers to employ modern techniques to monitor antibody and T cell responses against them. Despite the limited success of immunotherapy in clinical trials on stomach and colorectal carcinomas, there is a growing knowledge of the immune system and its molecular mechanisms. These advances, together with the experience obtained in clinical trials studying anti-tumor vaccination in melanoma patients, should allow the design of a new generation of more effective anti-tumor vaccines, based on new immunological adjuvants (DC, HSP), as well on the chemical modification of antigenic peptides to increase their immunogenicity. A T cell based immunotherapy might be considered as a new treatment option against stomach and colorectal cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik der Universität Würzburg, Chirurgie I und Molekulare Onkoimmunologie

    D. Meyer, B. Illert, W. Timmermann, A. Thiede & A. M. Waaga-Gasser

  2. Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik der Universität Würzburg, Chirurgie I und Molekulare Onkoimmunologie, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg

    D. Meyer

Authors
  1. D. Meyer
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  2. B. Illert
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  3. W. Timmermann
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  4. A. Thiede
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  5. A. M. Waaga-Gasser
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Correspondence to D. Meyer.

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D. Meyer und B. Illert — gleichberechtigte Erstautorenschaft

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Meyer, D., Illert, B., Timmermann, W. et al. Immuntherapie gastrointestinaler Tumoren. Onkologe 11, 518–529 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-005-0866-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-005-0866-9

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