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Impfstrategien zur Prävention oder Therapie von Tumoren

Vaccination strategies for the prevention and therapy of cancer

  • Leitthema
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Der Onkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Tumoren unterscheiden sich molekular von dem Gewebe, aus dem sie sich entwickeln, und können dadurch von Zellen des Immunsystems selektiv erkannt und zerstört werden. Die Identifikation einer großen Zahl von Antigenen, die ausschließlich oder präferenziell in Tumorzellen nachweisbar sind, bildet die molekulare Grundlage, auf der sich moderne Impfstrategien zur Prävention und Therapie von Krebserkrankungen entwickelt haben. Der vorliegende Artikel diskutiert die in den letzten Jahren in klinischen Studien zum Einsatz gekommenen Strategien und fasst den aktuellen Stand ihrer klinischen Prüfung zusammen. Hervorgehoben wird auch die Bedeutung von Surrogatmarkern zur immunologischen Erfolgskontrolle von Impfprotokollen.

Abstract

Tumors differ in their molecular composition from their tissue of origin. Tumor-specific molecular alterations lead to the expression and presentation of antigens that can be specifically recognized by immune effector cells. The identification of a large number of tumor-associated antigens provides the molecular basis for antigen-specific immunization protocols for the prevention as well as targeted therapy of cancer. This article reviews the different concepts for immunization and gives an update on the current status of clinical cancer immunotherapy trials using non-defined antigen mixtures or molecularly defined antigens. The importance of immunological surrogate markers for the optimization of vaccination schedules is explained. Given the potential as well as the current limitations of vaccination against cancer, strategies needed for the future are proposed.

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  1. III. Medizinische Klinik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

    C. M. Britten &  U. Sahin

  2. III. Medizinische Klinik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz

    U. Sahin

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Correspondence to U. Sahin.

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Britten, C.M., Sahin, U. Impfstrategien zur Prävention oder Therapie von Tumoren. Onkologe 11, 502–513 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-005-0865-x

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