Abstract
Purpose
Perinatal mood disorders affect both parents, impacting their children negatively. Little is known on the association between parental perinatal mood disorders and pediatric outcomes in Japan considering relevant covariates. Our objective was to investigate the association between paternal and maternal perinatal mood disorders and adverse physical and psychological child outcomes by the age of 36 months, adjusting for covariates such as the child’s sex, age of parent at child’s birth, perinatal mood disorders of the other parent, and perinatal antidepressant use.
Methods
We identified parents in the JMDC Claims Database in Japan from 2012 to 2020. Perinatal mood disorders were defined using International Classification of Diseases, 10th codes for mood disorders during the perinatal period combined with psychiatric treatment codes. We evaluated the association between parental perinatal mood disorders and pediatric adverse outcomes by the age of 36 months using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for the covariates.
Results
Of the 116,423 father-mother-child triads, 2.8% of fathers and 2.3% of mothers had perinatal mood disorders. Paternal perinatal mood disorders were not significantly associated with adverse child outcomes. After adjusting for paternal perinatal mood disorders and antidepressant use, maternal perinatal mood disorders were associated with delayed motor development, language development disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and behavioral and emotional disorders (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.65 [1.01–2.69], 2.26 [1.36–3.75], 4.16 [2.64–6.55], and 6.12 [1.35–27.81], respectively).
Conclusions
Paternal perinatal mood disorders were not associated with adverse child outcomes in this population. Maternal perinatal mood disorders were associated with multiple child outcomes.
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Abbreviations
- CI:
-
confidence interval
- HR:
-
hazard ratio
- ICD-10:
-
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
- OR:
-
odds ratio
- ASD:
-
autism spectrum disorder
- SD:
-
standardized deviation
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Acknowledgements
This study was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan and grants from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.
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This study was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (23AA2003).
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EO conceptualized and designed the study, carried out the data analysis, drafted the initial manuscript, and reviewed and revised the manuscript. HY conceptualized the study, helped with the data extraction and analysis, and critically revised the manuscript. SO, HY, and NK helped to conceptualize the study and critically reviewed and revised the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
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The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Tokyo (approval number 10862-(3)). The requirement for obtaining informed consent was waived due to the anonymous nature of the study.
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Obikane, E., Yamana, H., Ono, S. et al. “Association between perinatal mood disorders of parents and child health outcomes”. Arch Womens Ment Health (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01463-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01463-z