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Geburt, Tod und Wiedergeburt des Dodo-Vogels: Mythen der Psychotherapie und Psychotherapieforschung

La naissance, la mort et la résurrection de l'oiseau dodo – les mythes en psychothérapie et en recherche

The dodo-bird's birth, death, and rebirth: Myths of psychotherapy and psychotherapy research

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Psychotherapie Forum Aims and scope

Abstract

Many of the psychotherapy schools' theoretical assumptions haved turned out to be myths because psychotherapy research has not been able to confirm them. However, research has also established clear evidence for the efficacy of psychotherapy. Thus, research is not questioning the relevance of psychotherapy but rather the widespread assumptions about the mode of its functioning. The validity of the so-called dodo-bird verdict is controversial. According to the dodo-bird verdict, the most important psychotherapy schools have a similar efficacy. Many of the current research results suggest that a medical model is not appropriate to explain psychotherapy's mode of functioning. According to this model, psychotherapy is effective as a result of a specific therapeutic procedure which is matched to the patient's mental problems. In contrast, a model is indicated in which psychotherapy is conceived as a process of social influencing.

Zusammenfassung

Die Psychotherapieforschung hat viele Lehrmeinungen der verschiedenen Therapieverfahren nicht bestätigen können, sodass diese als Mythen erscheinen. Gleichzeitig hat die Forschung aber deutliche Belege für die Wirksamkeit von Psychotherapie erbracht. Insofern stellt die Forschung nicht die Bedeutung der Psychotherapie, sondern vielmehr die verbreiteten Vorstellungen über ihre Wirkungsweise infrage. Das so genannte Dodo-Vogel-Verdikt, wonach die wichtigsten Psychotherapieverfahren eine ähnliche Wirksamkeit aufweisen, wird kontroversiell diskutiert. Viele der aktuellen Forschungsergebnisse legen nahe, dass sich die Wirkungsweise von Psychotherapie nicht anhand eines medizinisch orientierten Modells erklären lässt, demgemäß Psychotherapie aufgrund eines spezifischen, auf die psychischen Probleme der Patienten abgestimmten therapeutischen Vorgehens wirkt. Die Datenlage spricht eher für ein Modell, wonach Psychotherapie als ein Prozess der sozialen Einflussnahme zu konzipieren ist.

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  1. Abteilung Sozialpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany

    Klaus-Peter Seidler

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Seidler, KP. Geburt, Tod und Wiedergeburt des Dodo-Vogels: Mythen der Psychotherapie und Psychotherapieforschung. Psychotherapie Forum 14, 146–152 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00729-006-0121-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00729-006-0121-x

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